Studi komparatif perkembangan wilayah pemekaran Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Kabupaten Siak di provinsi Riau

PHERMATA, Ekoryna Dian, Ir. Bambang Hari Wibisono, MUP.,MSc.,Ph.D

2006 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerah

Berdasarkan Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No 53 Tahun 1999, Propinsi Riau melakukan pemekaran dengan membentuk 8 kabupaten/kota baru, dua diantaranya adalah Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Kabupaten Siak. Kabupaten Pelalawan dengan Ibukotanya Pangkalan Kerinci sebelumnya merupakan bagian dari Kabupaten Kampar, sedangkan Kabupaten Siak dengan Ibukotanya Siak Sriindrapura pada awalnya bagian dari Kabupaten Bengkalis. Dengan ditetapkannya Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Kabupaten Siak sebagai kabupaten pemekaran membawa berbagai perubahan terhadap tingkat perkembangan ke dua wilayah. Perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi mengakibatkan terdapatnya perbedaan perkembangan di kedua kabupaten. Berangkat dari masalah tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk ; 1) Untuk menggambarkan perkembangan wilayah Kabupaten Pelalawan-Kabupaten Siak sebelum dan sesudah pemekaran; 2) Membandingkan perkembangan wilayah sebelum dan sesudah pemekaran; 3) Mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tingkat perkembangan wilayah pemekaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deduktif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Melalui pendekatan ini diaharapkan bisa lebih dalam untuk memperhatikan, mencatat, menggambarkan, menjelaskan dan menganalisis fenomena yang terjadi dilapangan dan didukung oleh peta, tabel, grafik sehingga dapat memberikan penjelasan dan uraian-uraian berdasarkan data yang diperoleh selama penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan dan persamaan terhadap tingkat perkembangan antara Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Kabupaten Siak. Pada kondisi sebelum pemekaran, ke dua kabupaten belum berkembang karena mempunyai banyak permasalahan diantaranya masalah sdm, infrastruktur yang belum memadai, sarana perkantoran masih sangat terbatas serta perekonomian masih dalam tahap pembangunan. Pada kondisi sesudah pemekaran kedua wilayah ini banyak mengalami perkembangan yang pesat, sehingga menunjukkan adanya perbedaan perkembangan, hal ini terlihat dari faktorfaktor yang diperbandingkan yaitu terjadi pergeseran dan perubahan penggunan lahan, tingginya pertumbuhan penduduk, perekonomian wilayah tumbuh dan berkembang dengan pesat, transportasi sudah memadai, jaringan jalan sudah menunjukkan peningkatan baik status maupun panjang jalan, kegiatan fungsional yang ada sudah ditunjang dengan prasarana dan sarana yang memadai sehingga memudahkan dalam pelayanan/birokrasi sehingga lebih cepat dan efisien. Tujuan pemekaran secara normatif di kedua wilayah pemekaran tercapai sesuai dengan PP No 129 Tahun 2000 dan UU RI nomor 53 Tahun 1999 ditandai dengan adanya kemudahan dalam pelayanan pemerintahan, urusan birokrasi, terlihat kenampakan fisik dari infrastruktur, sarana prasarana yang memadai dapat menjangkau dan melayani kebutuhan penduduk, bertambahnya kuantitas dan kulitas SDM, kenampakan pusat-pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi baru. Rekomendasi yang diajukan Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Kabupaten Siak sebagai daerah yang baru berkembang untuk kedepannya harus dapat dikendalikan perkembangannya agar terjaga keberlanjutan kegiatan dan berbagai aktivitas di kedua kabupaten tersebut. Selain itu perlu juga diteliti dampak-dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh perkembangan wilayah yang terjadi saat ini. Dengan diketahuinya dampak serta pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dari perkembangan wilayah saat ini maka nantinya dapat dilakukan upaya penanggulangan dan langkah-langkah antisipasi kedepan

Based on the Act no. 53/1999, Riau Province expanded its territory by establishing 8 new regencies, two of which are Pelalawan and Siak regencies. The capital of Pelalawan is Pangkalan Kerinci, which used to be part of Kampar regency, while the capital of Siak regency is Siak Sriindrapura, which was part of Bengkalis regency. The establishment of these two regencies brings changes to the development in the regions. The research aims to 1) describe the territorial growth of Pelalawan and Siak regencies both before and after the expansion; 2) compare the development before and after the expansion; 3) investigate the factors affecting the development in these regions. The research adopts a qualitative, deductive method and descriptive, qualitative analysis. Applying these approaches, the research is expected to be more comprehensive in its observation, record, description, discussion, and analysis of the phenomena in the field; it is also supported with existing data such as map, table, graphic, which enable it to provide a complete description and elaboration based on the data obtained in the research. The research results show that both differences and similarities exist in the development of the two regencies. Before the expansion, the regencies did not develop well due to many problems such as lack of human resources, facilities and infrastructure, government offices, and underdeveloped economy. After the expansion, the regions develop very fast and show differences. The differences can be perceived from the factors being researched, which are shifting and chBased on the Act no. 53/1999, Riau Province expanded its territory by establishing 8 new regencies, two of which are Pelalawan and Siak regencies. The capital of Pelalawan is Pangkalan Kerinci, which used to be part of Kampar regency, while the capital of Siak regency is Siak Sriindrapura, which was part of Bengkalis regency. The establishment of these two regencies brings changes to the development in the regions. The research aims to 1) describe the territorial growth of Pelalawan and Siak regencies both before and after the expansion; 2) compare the development before and after the expansion; 3) investigate the factors affecting the development in these regions. The research adopts a qualitative, deductive method and descriptive, qualitative analysis. Applying these approaches, the research is expected to be more comprehensive in its observation, record, description, discussion, and analysis of the phenomena in the field; it is also supported with existing data such as map, table, graphic, which enable it to provide a complete description and elaboration based on the data obtained in the research. The research results show that both differences and similarities exist in the development of the two regencies. Before the expansion, the regencies did not develop well due to many problems such as lack of human resources, facilities and infrastructure, government offices, and underdeveloped economy. After the expansion, the regions develop very fast and show differences. The differences can be perceived from the factors being researched, which are shifting and changing of land use, high rate of population growth as the result of the expansion, and a number of big companies that need employment, mining exploration, high migration rate, as well as birth rate, the regional economy grows very fast, adequate transportation, improved road-network, functional activities supported with adequate facilities and infrastructure that accelerate the speedy and efficient government services. The aims of territorial expansion of the two regencies are met according to the Government Regulation No. 129/2000 and the Act No. 53/1999, in which convenience and ease in obtaining service and bureaucracy are the indicators; in the implementation of development, the evidences are physical appearance of adequate infrastructure and facilities. The research proposes the following recommendation. As new regencies, Siak and Pelalawan Regencies must be under controlled in implementing their development activities in order to maintain sustainability. In addition, the impacts from the current regional development need to studies in order to prevent or anticipate problems in the future.anging of land use, high rate of population growth as the result of the expansion, and a number of big companies that need employment, mining exploration, high migration rate, as well as birth rate, the regional economy grows very fast, adequate transportation, improved road-network, functional activities supported with adequate facilities and infrastructure that accelerate the speedy and efficient government services. The aims of territorial expansion of the two regencies are met according to the Government Regulation No. 129/2000 and the Act No. 53/1999, in which convenience and ease in obtaining service and bureaucracy are the indicators; in the implementation of development, the evidences are physical appearance of adequate infrastructure and facilities. The research proposes the following recommendation. As new regencies, Siak and Pelalawan Regencies must be under controlled in implementing their development activities in order to maintain sustainability. In addition, the impacts from the current regional development need to studies in order to prevent or anticipate problems in the future.

Kata Kunci : Wilayah Pemekaran,Perkembangan Wilayah, Comparative, Regional Growth, Territorial Extension