Efektivitas pelaksanaan program Inisiatif Masyarakat Setempat (IMS) Sulawesi Agriculture Area Development Project di Kabupaten Kendari

BASRI, Hasan, Dr.Ir. Bondan Hermanislamet, M.Sc

2005 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas pelaksanaan Program IMS menurut aspek-aspek input, output dan outcome serta faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh di Kabupaten Kendari. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisa metode kuantitatif. Variabel-variabel yang diamati adalah variabel dependen yang terdiri dari disiplin petani, banyaknya pokmas pendukung (di tingkat output), pendapatan dan kemampuan produksi ratarata masyarakat (di tingkat outcome) serta variabel-variabel indipenden yang meliputi sumber daya, partisipasi masyarakat, komunikasi dan birokrasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pada tingkat efektivitas dan input program, secara statistik disimpulkan bahwa terdapat empat indikator dengan perbedaan tingkat efektivitas, yaitu pengalaman aparat desa, kemampuan pengurus UPKD, kemampuan fasilitator desa dan ketersediaan pembiayaan program. Pada tingkat efektivitas dan proses program, secara statistik disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan tingkat pencapaian yang menyangkut indikator-indikator sikap dan tingkat layanan aparat desa serta pembagian tugas dan wewenang. Pada tingkat efektivitas dan output program, secara statistik disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan tingkat pencapaian dukungan jumlah pokmas. Selanjutnya di tingkat efektivitas dan outcome program, secara statistik disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan tingkat pencapaian sebelum dan sesudah program IMS sehubungan dengan indikator tingkat pendapatan dan kapasitas produksi rata-rata usaha masyarakat. Dari kedua puluh tiga indikator yang diukur, diduga kuat bahwa ada faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pelaksanaan program IMS di Kecamatan Soropia. Berdasarkan hasil statistiknya, disimpulkan bahwa indikator partisipasi masyarakat, pengalaman aparat desa, kemampuan aparat desa, kemampuan fasilitator desa, kemampuan PPL, pemahaman pelaksana, koordinasi antar pelaksana, serta sikap dan tingkat layanan pengurus UPKD berpengaruh kuat pada efektivitas pelaksanaan program IMS. Dari hasil uji koefisien kontingensi, disimpulkan bahwa indikator-indikator yang berpengaruh nyata dan memiliki kekuatan hubungan dengan efektivitas pelaksanaan program adalah: (1) pengalaman pengurus UPKD, (2) pengalaman aparat desa, (3) kemampuan pengurus UPKD, (4) partisipasi masyarakat, (5) ketersediaan perlengkapan kerja, (6) kecukupan pembiayaan program, (7) kecukupan insentif bagi para pelaksana, (8) pemahaman para pelaksana, (9) koordinasi antar pelaksana, (10) bahasa yang disampaikan dan sosialisasi program, (11) sikap dan tingkat layanan pengurus UPKD, (12) sikap dan tingkat layanan aparat desa.

This research aimed to reviewing the effectiveness of IMS program implementation from the viewpoint of input, output, and outcome aspects and the factors affecting them in Kendari Regency. The study used a quantitative method. The observed variables were the dependent ones, namely farmers’ discipline, numbers of supporting pokmas (at output level), community income and average production capacity (at outcome level), as well as the independent variables, including resources, community participation, communication, and bureaucracy. The results of this research showed that, in the program effectiveness and input level, it was statistically concluded that there were four indicators with effectiveness level difference including the experience of desa officer, capacity of the UPKD management, capacity of village facilitator and adequate program financing. In the program effectiveness and processing level, it was statistically concluded that there were some differences of achievement levels regarding to the indicators of attitude and service level of village apparatus, task and power sharing. In the level of program effectiveness and output, it was statistically concluded that the indicators of the pokmas numbers support was varied in achievement level. Further, in the level of program effectiveness and outcome, it was statistically concluded that there were some differences in achievement levels between IMS pre- and post program regarding to the indicator of the level of community income and average production capacity. From the 23 measured indicators, it was assumed that there were some factors affecting the effectiveness of IMS Program implementation in Soropia sub district. Based on the statistical analyse results, it was concluded that the indicators of community participation, village apparatus experience and capability, village facilitator capability, PPL capability, implementer understanding, coordination among implementers, attitude and service level of UPKD management had impact on the effectiveness of IMS program implementation. Rooted in the results of contingency coefficient test results, it was concluded that the indicators having influence and correlation to the effectiveness of program implementation were: (1) experience of UPKD organizer, (2) experience of desa officer, (3) capability of UPKD organizer, (4) community participation, (5) utility availability, (6) adequate program financing, (7) adequate incentive for implementers, (8) implementers understanding, (9) coordination among implementers, (10) language use in program socialization, (11) attitude and service level of UPKD organizer, (12) attitude and service level of desa officer.

Kata Kunci : Program Pemerintah,IMS,Efektivitas, the effectiveness of IMS program implementation and the affecting factors