Community participation in suistaining the infrastructure of the Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) :: A Case study of Brengkelan, Ngentak and Mejing Kampung in Purworejo Regency
ASMARA, Bambang Jati, Ir. Sudaryono, M.Eng.,Ph.D
2005 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerah-
The involvement of communities in maintaining the infrastructure of the kampung, developed by The Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) varies from kampung to kampung. This phenomenon attracted the author to find out the current state of infrastructure developed by the KIP because the KIP’program stopped more than ten years ago. In order to find out about the state of this infrastructure, research was conducted in the three kampungs; Brengkelan, Ngentak, and Mejing, which are located in Purworejo regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The research is conducted through the distribution of questionnaires to households situated in the three above mentioned kampungs, and also through interviews with key informants or prominent figures who know much regarding the KIP. The unit of investigation is the kampung and the unit of analysis is households situated in the kampungs of the KIP. The research was done through rationalistic-explanatory study that combines descriptive statistics and explanation building methods to analyse the qualitative data collected in the field. By using the SPSS tool, data collected from questionnaires was analysed in terms of their observed frequencies and cross tabulation analysis in order to determine the relationships between them. Regarding data collected by the interviews, explanation building was done to check and complement the results of the descriptive statistics data. The result shows that the involvement of communities in maintaining the infrastructures of the KIP is influenced by the institutional aspect of the maintenance, meaning that the role of community leaders and community organizations at the RT and RW level are important. Their involvement is largely determined by the awareness of the community and a sense of ownership of the KIP infrastructure in their kampungs. The local community involved themselves spontaneously in activities related to the operation and maintenance of infrastructure in terms of routine maintenance through working bees. Also in terms of major repairs, and new construction, local communities came together both at the RT and RW level to plan, program, and budget the infrastructure maintenance. However, whilst footpaths and drains appeared to be taken care of in sustainable manner, this wasn’t the case in respect to communal bathing, washing and latrine facilities (MCK) and communal water taps. Some determinants here are physiographic conditions, status of the land used as the site of public facilities, and culture. Based on personal observation and interviews with key informants, it was found that the physiographic conditions, such canals flowing across the kampung have caused the maintenance of MCK to decrease. It was also found that the status of land which is unclear due to the process of land acquisition for the sites of both the MCK and the water taps has threatened the sustainability of these two public facilities. It was also found that the tendency of communities to defecate in the canal has caused the MCK to not function as latrines. Some of them have been occupied by people who own the land and new MCKs have been built over the canal near the original MCK.
Kata Kunci : Program Perbaikan Kampung,Partisipasi Masyarakat
