Community partisipation as a mean to increase effectiveness and efficiency of infrastructure development :: Case study of the Community and local government support-sector development program (CLGS-SDP) in Tegal Regency-Indonesia

RAHARDJO, Teguh Dwijanto, Ir. Leksono Probo Subanu, MURP.,Ph.D

2005 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan Daerah

A participatory approach is now used widely as a means to provide infrastructure in local level development. This approach needs the community to be involved in the implementation of development. Community participation in the program can lead to the achievement of the project result that has been targeted and the goals of the program. Community participation can also increase the efficiency of the infrastructure development. Under the Community and Local Government Support - Sector Development Program (CLG-SDP) in Indonesia, the Asian Development Bank provides an investment loan to provide funds for village and district-level subprojects. In all different topographic and demographic areas, high and low levels of participation of communities in the villages are found. The result is based on the efficiency of the money usage that the community receives from the project compared with the level of achievement of the project. Quantitative and qualitative methods are used in the research. They are used to explore the level of community participation in four villages which received the program. The research is conducted in Lumingser, Pekiringan, Grogol and Sidapurna villages. The qualitative method is used to analyse the effectiveness of the achievement of the project’s result and the achievement of the program’s goals. These methods are also used to explore the factors that influence community to participate in the program. The data collecting is conducted through questionnaires, interviews, observation and secondary data. The research finding is that the levels of community participation in the four villages are different. In Lumingser and Grogol, the communities participate more than in Pekiringan and Sidapurna. The higher level of community participation is indicated by the involvement of the communities in every stage of the program. There is also a tendency that although the community is not actively involved in every stage of the program, they can achieve the project results and the program’s goals effectively. Giving opportunities and freedom in the decision-making can improve the community interest and it leads to an increase of the community participation in the program. In a community that has the higher of level of participation, money and the local resources are used more efficiently and they also voluntarily contribute labour, money or material. It is indicated by the unit prices of the roads pavement in Lumingser and Grogol are lower than Pekiringan and Sidapurna. The factors that encourage and discourage the community are leadership and gender issues. The other factors are the role of NGOs and the technical assistance of the local authority agencies. Encouragement of the community to be involved in a program has to be initiated by the village leader and not only by a facilitator. They have a strong influence in the community and can stimulate and increase the awareness of the community towards local development, especially for poor people and women.

Kata Kunci : Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat,Partisipasi Masyarakat