The Relationship between Transformasional Leadership, Group Cohesiveness and Employees' Organizational Commitment with Self-Efficacy as the Mediating variable :: A Study of Bank Mandiri in Jember

PURNAMASARI, Agustina Veny, Djamaludin Ancok, Prof.Dr.MA

2006 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen

Kepemimpinan merupakan dialog interaktif yang mendorong orang untuk memiliki tanggung jawab dan komitmen. Kepemimpinan transformasional adalah proses menginspirasi perubahan dan memberdayakan pengikut atau karyawan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan diri mereka dan organisasi. Pemimpin transformasional mampu meningkatkan rasa penghargaan diri dan keyakinan para pengikutnya terhadap kemampuan mereka. Oleh karena itu, dalam tesis ini, penulis hendak meneliti hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasi dan bagaimana hubungan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh self-efficacy sebagai variable pemediasi. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini juga mengamati hubungan antara group cohesiveness dan komitmen organisasi, dan juga bagaimana hubungan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh self-efficacy. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Bank Mandiri di Jember. Sebanyak 116 karyawan menjadi responden penelitian. Sedangkan pengumpulan data untuk mengukur variabel-variabel penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Ada 4 hipotesis yang diajukan dalam tesis ini: hipotesis pertama menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasi. Hipotesis kedua menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara group cohesiveness dan komitmen organisasi. Hipotesis ketiga menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasi yang dimediasi oleh selfefficacy. Sedangkan, hipotesis keempat menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara group cohesiveness dan komitmen organisasi yang dimediasi oleh self-efficacy. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengujian data adalah analisis regresi hirarkis dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0.05. Berdasarkan analisis dari hasil pengujian data, ditemukan bahwa, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasi. Hubungan tersebut yang ditunjukkan melalui koefisien korelasi, yang menjadi menjadi lebih kuat setelah self-efficacy disertakan sebagai variabel pemediasi. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara group cohesiveness dan komitmen organisasi. Ketika self-efficacy disertakan sebagai variabel pemediasi, koefisien korelasi dari group cohesiveness dan komitmen organisasi menjadi lebih kuat. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian tersebut mendukung semua hipotesis yang diajukan dalam tesis ini. Dengan kata lain, semua hipotesis penelitian ini diterima

Leadership is an interactive dialogue that pulls people towards the language of responsibility and commitment. Transformational leadership is a process of inspiring change and empowering followers to improve themselves and the organization. Transformational leaders can enhance followers’ feeling about themselves and their ability, thus, in this thesis, the writer interested in finding out the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment; and how self-efficacy as the mediating variable mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment. Moreover, another variable, that is, group cohesiveness, is also has an effect on employees’ organizational commitment. Thus, this thesis observes the relationship between group cohesiveness and organizational commitment and also how self-efficacy mediates the relationship. The research was done in Bank Mandiri in Jember with 116 employees as the respondents. The data was gathered using questionnaires to measure the variables. There are four hypotheses in this research: the first hypothesis is there is a relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment. The second hypothesis is there is a relationship between group cohesiveness and organizational commitment. The third hypothesis states that there is a relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment that is mediated by selfefficacy. The fourth hypothesis is there is a relationship between group cohesiveness and organizational commitment that is mediated by self-efficacy. So as to test the data, the method employed was hierarchical regression analysis with the significance level at 0.05. Based on the analysis of the computation of the data, it is found that there is a significant relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment, and after self-efficacy is added up as mediating variable, the relationship as indicated by correlation coefficient, becomes stronger. Similarly, the research found that there is a significant relationship between group cohesiveness and organizational commitment, and when self-efficacy is included, the correlation coefficient becomes stronger. Hence, those findings support all hypotheses in this research, to put it differently, all proposed hypotheses are accepted.

Kata Kunci : Kepemimpinan Transformasional,Komitmen Organisasi,Group Cohesiveness,Self,efficacy,transformational leadership, organizational commitment, group cohesiveness, self-efficacy