Efek substitusi konsentrat suplemen energi dan protein terhadap kinerja produksi dan reproduksi sapi perah PFH awal laktasi

MUNDINGSARI, Ratna Dewi, Dr.Ir. Adiarto, M.Sc

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek substitusi konsentrat suplemen energi dan protein terhadap kinerja produksi dan reproduksi sapi perah PFH awal laktasi serta aspek finansialnya. Penelitian dilaksanaan selama 100 hari awal laktasi. Dua belas ekor sapi perah PFH laktasi I dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perlakuan pakan yaitu kelompok kontrol (RK) diberi konsentrat kontrol (KK) dengan PK 10,3%, TDN 51% sebanyak 100%, kelompok perlakuan 1(RP1) diberi KK disubtitusi sebanyak 25 % dengan konsentrat suplemen A (KSA) yang merupakan sumber energi (TDN 76%, PK 17,0%), sedangkan kelompok perlakuan 2 (RP2) diberi KK disubtitusi sebanyak 25% dengan konsentrat suplemen B (KSB) yang merupakan sumber protein (PK 20,4%, TDN 73%). Analisis data menggunakan analisis variansi rancangan acak lengkap pola searah jika terdapat perbedaan dilanjutkan uji DMRT. Analisis anggaran parsial finansial digunakan untuk menghitung perubahan biaya dan pendapatan. Dari hasil menelitian diperoleh bahwa konsumsi PK berbeda nyata (P<0,05) tertinggi RP2 (1,35 kg) disusul RP1 (1,18 kg) dan RK (1,11 kg). Produksi susu, kadar lemak, kadar protein susu, post partum mating (PPM), dan konsumsi TDN dari ketiga kelompok berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) , namun produksi susu rata-rata harian tertinggi cenderung (P>0,05) dicapai RP2 (10,4 liter) disusul RP1 (9,9 liter) dan RK (8,9 liter), kadar lemak susu tertinggi dijumpai pada RP2 (3,46%) disusul RK (3,39%) dan RP1(2,84%), untuk kadar protein susu tertinggi RK (2,70%) disusul RP1 (2,58%) dan RP2 (2,38%). PPM, conception rate (CR), service perconception (S/C) dan days open (DO) terbaik pada RP1 (PPM = 75 hari, CR = 5%, S/C = 1, DO = 70 hari), disusul RK (PPM = 82 hari, CR = 25%, S/C = 1, DO = 48 hari), dan RP2 (PPM = 103 hari, CR = 0%, S/C = 3, DO = 165 hari). Rata –rata penyusutan berat badan (RK = 5 kg, RP1 = 5 kg, RP2 = 16 kg). Keuntungan bersih tertinggi pada RP1 disusul RP2 dan RK. Kesimpulan substitusi konsentrat suplemen energi protein pada pakan sapi perah PFH awal laktasi cenderung dapat meningkatkan kinerja produksi susu dan pendapatan tetapi belum dapat meningkatkan kinerja reproduksi, kualitas susu dan mencegah mobilisasi energi tubuhnya.

The objective of this research was to study the effect of substitution protein and energy concentrates on production and reproduction performances of Friesian Holstein (FH) Crossbred in early lactation and its financial aspect. This research was carried out for 100 days in early lactation. Twelve monoparous FH Crossbred were divided into three groups of feed treatment, control groups (RK) was given all concentrates control (KK) contain CP 10.3%, TDN 51% treatment groups 1 (RP1) was given concentrates control that was substituted 25% with supplement concentrates A (KSA) which source of energy (TDN 76%, CP 17.0%) and treatment groups 2 (RP2) was given concentrates control that was substituted 25% with supplement concentrates B (KSB) which was the source of protein (CP 20.4%, TDN 73%). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance One Way Completely Randomized Design, if there is differences then it was analized using analisis Duncant Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Parsial financial was used to meansure the change of cost and income. The result showed that there were significantly different (P<0.05) between groups on the intake of crude protein, RP2 (1.35 kg) than RP1 (1.18 kg) and RK (1.11 kg). Milk yield, milk fat content, milk protein content and post partum mating (PPM) and TDN intake insignificantly between treatments (P>0.05), but average daily milk yield tend (P>0.05) the highest in RP2 (10.4 liter) than RP1 (9.9 liter) and RK (8.9 liter), milk fat content the highest in RP2 (3.46%) than RK (3.39%) and RP1 (2.84%), milk protein content the highest in RK (2.70%) than RP (2.58%) and RP2 (2.38%). PPM, conception rate (CR), service per conception (S/C) and days open (DO) the best in RP1 (PPM = 75 days CR = 5%, S/C = 1, DO = 70 days), than RK (PPM = 82 days, CR = 25%, S/C = 1, DO = 48 days), and RP2 (PPM = 103 days, CR = 0%, S/C = 3, DO = 165 days). Average body weight lost (RK = 5 kg, RP1 = 5 kg, RP2 = 16 kg). The highest net profit in RP1 than RP2 and RK. It was concluded that the effect of substitution of supplement energy and protein concentrates tended to increase production performance and net profit however this could not increase reproduction performance, milk quality and mobilization of body energy storage.

Kata Kunci : Sapi Perah PFH,Produksi dan Reproduksi,Nutrien Pakan,Substitution, Supplement energy and protein concentrates, Production and reproduction performance, Early lactation, Cows