Evaluasi kinerja fisik bangunan dan perilaku pengguna alat Magnetic resonance Imaging di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto

TARUNO, Suhartono Hardjo, dr. Rossi Sanusi, MPA.PhD

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Manajemen Rumah Saki

Magnetic Resonance Imaging adalah suatu alat canggih radiologi yang bekerja dengan medan magnet besar, diantaranya ada yang berkekuatan medan magnet 1,5 tesla = 15000 gauss. Menggunakan helium cair untuk mendinginkan super konduktor magnet sampai suhu 452,4ºC di bawah 0ºC. Berat M.R.I adalah 5,5 ton. Sejak 15 Januari 2001, di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto dipasang M.R.I 1,5 tesla pada komplek bangunan instalasi radio nuklir yang dibangun tahun 1980 dengan cara renovasi bangunan lama tersebut di lantai dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja fisik bangunan M.R.I dan perilaku pengguna alat M.R.I. Lokasi penelitian yaitu instalasi radionuklir RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Jakarta, dengan metode penelitian non eksperimental dan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari dokumen blueprint, denah, ukuran dan letak M.R.I. Observasi menggunakan perangkat pengukuran cahaya, suhu, kelembaban, WBGTIN dan kebisingan. Check list digunakan untuk menilai perilaku petugas M.R.I dalam mengetahui tanda-tanda larangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran luas ruangan periksa M.R.I 29,7m2, ruang operator 11,18 m2, lebar koridor 2,3 m, ruang cuci film 2,48 m2 memenuhi standar pabrik Seimen. Luas ruang tamu luar 40,95m2, tamu VIP = 8,75 m2, ruang dokter 16,34 m2, ruang chiller 6,5m2, 2 ruang ganti baju dan toilet melengkapi keperluan bagian M.R.I. Ukuran jarak alat M.R.I dengan alat CT Scan 3D, cobalt 60, after loading, linex, laboratorium catherisasi jantung dan kedokteran nuklir memenuhi syarat jarak yang ditetapkan pabrik Seimens (lebih dari 6,6 m), demikian juga dengan jalan raya 16 m dan generator listrik 212,5m. Ukuran jarak alat M.R.I dengan bagian yang sering memakainya, yaitu instalasi gawat darurat 145 m, kamar operasi, ruang rawat inap stroke dan bedah 75 m. Ukuran rerata cahaya 74,71 lux, suhu 22,99ºC, kelembaban 69,9%, WBGTIN 20,4ºC dan kebisingan 61,81 dBA, semuanya sesuai standar pabrik Seimens, kecuali cahaya agak rendah. Penilaian tentang tanda larangan dari 380 responden menunjukkan 62,9% responden tahu dan 37,1% responden tidak tahu. Responden yang tahu terbanyak wanita yaitu 56,6% dan kelompok usia 20 s/d 30 tahu yaitu 32,1%. Responden yang tidak tahu terbanyak wanita 34,7% dengan kelompok usia 20 s/d 30 tahun yaitu 27,8%.

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a sophisticated radiology instrument which functions with a powerful magnetic field, one of them may have a magnetic field as much as 1.5 tesla or 15,000 gauss. This instrument uses liquid helium to cool magnetic super conductor until 452.4oC below zero.The weight of MRI is 5.5 tons. Since 2001, Gatot Soebroto Hospital installed MRI of 1.5 tesla in the building complex of nuclear radio installation which was renovated in 1980. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate physical performance of MRI building and behavior of MRI instrument users. Method: The study was non experimental with both qualitative and quantitative approachs and descriptive design. Data were obtained from blueprint documents, floor plan, size and location of MRI instrument. Observation used light, temperature, humidity, WBGTIN and noise measurement tools. Checklist was used to assess behavior of MRI staff in identifying signs of prohibition. The location of the study was nuclear radio installation of Gatot Soebroto Hospital. Result and Conclusion: The result of the study showed that area of MRI examination room is 27.7m2, operator room 11.18m2, corridor 2.3m, film processing room 2.48m2. All fulfilled standards of Siemens. Area of external guest room was 40.95m2, VIP guest 8.75m2, doctors' room 16.34m2, chiller room 6.5m2, and there were 2 dressing rooms and toilet which completed needs of MRI department. Distance between MRI instrument and 3D CT Scan, cobalt 60, after loading, linex, laboratory of heart catherization and nuclear medicine fulfilled requirement of distance determined by Siemens (more than 6.6m) and so was distance with the main road (16m) and electric generator (212.5m). Distance between MRI instrument and the department most frequently used it, i.e. emergency department was 145m, operation room, stroke and surgery inpatient rooms was 75m. Average light measure was 74.71 lux, temperature 22.99oC, humidity 69.6% WBGTIN 20.4oC and noise 61.8 dBA, all were relevant with standards of Siemens, except that light was a little bit low. Assessment on signs of prohibition showed that out of 380 respondents 62.9% of them knew and 37.1% did not knew them. Most of respondents who know were women (56.6%) and age group between 20 – 30 years who know was 32.1%. Respondents who did not knew were mostly women (34.7%) with age group between 20 – 30 years as much as 27.8%. Therefore further study was needed to find out why as much as 27.8% of age group between 20 – 30 years and 34.7% of women did not know signs of prohibition

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Rumah Sakit,Kinerja Fisik,Bangunan MRI