Hubungan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga dengan keberadaan jentik vektor dengue (Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopicus) di daerah rawan demam berdarah dengue Kota Lubuklinggau tahun 2005

RIYADI, Rudjito, Prof.Dr.dr. Soeyoko, SU

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja (Kesehatan Lingkungan)

(DBD) dengan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan secara umum belum baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga dengan keberadaan jentik vektor dengue (Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus) serta aspek sanitasi lingkungan apa yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik vektor dengue di daerah rawan penyakit DBD Kota Lubuklinggau. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan “Cross Sectional”. Subyek penelitian adalah rumah tangga sebanyak 105 rumah tangga yang tinggal di rawan DBD tanpa intervensi program pemberantasan penyakit DBD. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara “Proportional Stratified random sampling”. Variabel bebas penelitian adalah kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga yang meliputi aspek : penyedian air bersih, pengelolaan sampah dan praktek pemberantasan sarang nyamuk. Variabel terikat penelitian adalah keberadaan jentik vektor dengue (Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus). Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga secara umum adalah kurang baik (42,72%). Dari 107 kontainer berisi air yang positip jentik, terbanyak ditemukan adalah jentik Ae. albopictus (48,6%), jentik Ae. aegypti (42,1%) dan jentik lain (9,30%). Hasil analisis korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga dengan keberadaan jentik Ae. aegypti (Rho=-0,249, P=0.011), kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga dengan keberadaan jentik Ae. albopictus (Rho=-0,325, P=0.001) dan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan rumah tangga dengan keberadaan jentik vektor dengue (Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus(Rho=-0,685, P=0.000). Hasil analisis Regresi Logistik menunjukkan aspek sanitasi lingkungan yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik Ae. aegypti adalah praktek rumah tangga dalam PSN-DBD kontribusi efektif 21,40%, dan dengan keberadaan jentik Ae. albopictus adalah pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga kontribusi efektif 47,27%, dan dengan keberadaan jentik vektor dengue (Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus ) adalah praktek rumah tangga dalam PSN-DBD kontribusi efektif 42,92%.

Lubuklinggau city is endemic area for dengue haemorraghic fever (DHF) disease with condition of environment sanitation have not really good yet generally.. The aim of this research is to find out the relationship between condition of household environment sanitation with the existence of dengue vector larvae (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) and also what the environment sanitation aspect which mostly dominant related with the existence of dengue vector larvae. This research is an observasional research with “cross sectional” design. Subyek of the research is 105 household wich living in troubled area DHF without intervention program of DHF disease control. Sampling doing by “Proportional stratified random sampling”. Independent variable of this research is condition of household environment sanitation which covering aspect : clean water provision, rubbish management and household practice in breeding places mosquito elimination. Dependent variable of this research is the existence of dengue vector larvae (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus ). Univariate analysis result shows that condition of household environment sanitation is less good (42,72%). From 107 water containers which has mosquito larvae positive, is mostly found Ae.albopictus larvae (48,60%), Ae. aegypti larvae (42,10%) and others mosquito larvae (9,30%). Rank Spearman’s correlation analysis result shows there is any significant relationship be tween condition of household environment sanitation with the existence of Ae. aegypti larvae (Rho=-0,249, P=0.011), with the existence of Ae. albopictus larvae (Rho=-0,325, P=0.001) and with the existence of dengue vector larvae (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) (Rho=-0,685, P=0.000). Logistic Regression analysis shows aspect of environment sanitation which mostly dominant related with the existence of Ae. aegypti larvae is household practice in breeding places mosquito elimination an effective contribution is 21,40%, with the existence of Ae. albopictus larvae is household rubbish management an effective contribution is 47,27% and with the existence of dengue vector larvae (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) is household practice in breeding places mosquito elimination an effective contribution is 42,92%.

Kata Kunci : Kesehatan Lingkungan,Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah Tangga,DB