Hubungan karakteristik individu dan karakteristik organisasi dengan kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat Puskesmas di Kabupaten Pidie

RAMLI, dr. Andung Prihadi Santosa, M.Kes

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Perilaku dan Promosi

Latar Belakang: Promosi kesehatan adalah salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan masyarakat yang diarahkan kepada peningkatkan intelektualitas, produktivitas dan prestasi kerja serta menekankan angka kesakitan dan kematian, melalui kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan pembinaan kesehatan masyarakat sehingga dapat melindungi diri sendiri dan berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Hal ini menjadi masalah bagi kesehatan masyarakat dengan meningkatnya angka kesakitan dan angka kematian terutama penyakit infeksi menular. Kegiatan promosi kesehatan masyarakat sudah dilakukan oleh tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat di puskesmas, namun kegiatan tersebut belum mencapai sasaran sesuai target . Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kinerja, serta hubungan karakteristik individu dan karakteristik organisasi dengan kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat di Puskesmas Kabupaten Pidie. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 30 orang tenaga promosi kesehatan puskesmas Kabupaten Pidie. Alat penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, check list. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi product moment, yaitu alpha 0,05 dengan menggunakan program computer for windows. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik individu yang berhubungan dengan kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat di puskesmas yaitu jenis kelamin (p=0,041), sedangkan pendidikan, masa kerja, motivasi, kepuasan kerja, tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna. Karakteristik organisasi yang berhubungan dengan kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat adalah rekan kerja (p=0,032), sedangkan kompensasi, supervisi, kepemimpinan dan sarana tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna. Tingkat kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat termasuk kategori kinerja kurang baik, yaitu 57 %, dan 43 % dengan kinerja baik. Kesimpulan dan saran: Karakteristik individu dan karakteristik organisasi yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat, yaitu jenis kelamin dan rekan kerja, sedangkan yang lain tidak berhubungan secara signifikan. Tingkat kinerja tenaga promosi kesehatan masyarakat termasuk kategori kinerja kurang baik. Keadaan ini memerlukan perhatian untuk perbaikan. Perbaikan dapat dilakukan melalui upaya; pembinaan terhadap tugas pokok dan fungsi, dialokasikan dana untuk kegiatan pelatihan, pengembangan pimpinan, pemberian motivasi dan pemberian kompensasi yang layak.

Background: Health promotion is one of the efforts to improve public health status that is directed to the improvement of work intellectuality, productivity and achievement as well as keep the mortality and morbidity rate down through community’s empowerment activity and public health supervision in order to protect one self and have a clean and healthy behavior. This could be a problem for public health with the improvement number of mortality and morbidity rate especially contaminated infection disease. The activity of public health promotion has been implemented by public health promoter in Primary Health Care although this activity has not yet achieved the target as it was expected. Objective: This research was aimed to find out the description of work productivity level as well as the relationship of individual’s characteristic and organization’s characteristic with work productivity of public health promoter in Primary Health Care in Pidie district. Method: This was an observational research with cross sectional design. The subject of the research was 30 health promoters in Primary Health Care in Pidie district. The instrument being used was questioner and check list. Data analysis was done with correlation product moment test, that was alpha 0,05 by using computer for windows program. Result: This research showed that individual’s characteristic which had relationship with work productivity of public health promoter in Primary Health Care was sex (p=0,041), while education, length of work, motivation and work satisfaction did not have significant relationship. Organization’s characteristic which had relationship with work productivity of public health promoter was colleague (p=0,032), while compensation, supervision, leadership and facility did not have significant relationship. Level of work productivity of public health promoter included in the category of not very good work productivity was 57% and good work productivity was 43%. Conclusion and suggestion: Individual’s characteristic and organization’s characteristic which had significant relationship with work productivity of public health promoter were sex and colleague, while others did not have significant relationship. The level of public health promoter included in the category of not very good work productivity. This condition needs attention for improvement. The improvement could be done through the effort of; supervision toward main duty and function, funding for training activity, leadership development, giving appropriate motivation and compensation.

Kata Kunci : Promosi Kesehatan,Puskesmas,Kinerja Tenaga Promosi