Faktor resiko kematian akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

PRABOWO, Primus Radixto, Prof.dr. Hari Kusnanto, DrPH

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Epidemiologi Lapanga

Angka kecelakaan lalu lintas di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) semakin meningkat dalam kurun waktu 1999-2003, sehingga perlu upaya pencegahan dalam rangka mengurangi kematian dan kesakitan akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas. Dengan memgetahui faktor resiko kematian akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas, maka angka kematian dan angka kesakitan di Propinsi DIY akan dapat diturunkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan antara lain untuk mengetahui kecenderungan angka kesakitan dan angka kematian, mengetahui karakteristik pelaku dan korban kecelakaan lalu lintas dan mengetahui faktor resiko kematian akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas di Propinsi DIY. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah potong lintang. Data kecelakaan lalu lintas berasal dari 5 Kepolisian Resort (Polres) di 5 kabupaten/kota di Propinsi DIY serta didukung data dari Dinas Perhubungan, Dinas Pemukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah dan Badan Pusat Statistik di Propinsi DIY. Analisa statistik pada penelitian ini menggunakan Chi Square test dan logistik regresi multivariat. Berdasarkan uji statistik yang dilakukan (derajad kepercayaan 95% dan nilai a=0,05) terbukti bahwa jenis kelamin, umur, perilaku mengemudi, waktu kejadian, posisi dalam kecelakaan, jenis kendaraan, jenis jalan dan kategori jalan secara bersama-sama merupakan faktor resiko kematian akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas di Propinsi DIY. Jenis kendaraan sepeda motor dan kendaraan tidak bermotor serta jenis jalan tikungan/tanjakan/turunan merupakan faktor resiko terbesar penyebab kematian akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas di Propinsi DIY.

Background: The incidence of road traffic accident in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Province showed on increasing trend during the period 1999-2003. In order to reduce mortality and morbidity from road traffic accident in Propinsi DIY should be identified risk factors in road traffic accident. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and analize trends, characteristics and risk factors of fatality in road traffic accident during the period 1999-2003. Methods: A cross sectional study design was used, based on the police report in 5 cities in DIY Province and support data from Transportation Office, Public Housing and Infrastructure Office and Center of Statistic Committee DIY Province. Result: The Chi Square test and the Multivariate Logistic Regression test confirmed the statistical significance (at the 95% level and a=0,05) of sex, age, driving behauvior, time, position during accident, type of vehicle, type of road and category of road constitute risk factors of fatality in road traffic accident. In effort to reduce number of deaths and injures policy for prevention of road traffic accident need to be developed. The policy includes transportation, health, environment and socio economic factors. The success of this policy may decrease morbidity and mortality of road traffic accident in DIY Province. Conclution: A type of vehicle like motorcycle and nonmotor vehicle and a type of road like curve road, upward road and downward road are dominant risk factors of fatality in road traffic accident in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Province.

Kata Kunci : Kematian,Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas