Karakteristik pasca elastik dinding beton non pasir dengan tulangan horizontal akibat beban siklik

BAYUAJI, Ridho, Dr.Ir. Iman Satyarno, ME.,Ph.D

2005 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Sipil

Kerusakan gempa pada bangunan gedung sering terjadi pada dinding pengisi struktur. Dinding pengisi umumnya terbuat dari bata atau batako, namun kedua material ini mempunyai beberapa kelemahan diantaranya getas (brittle). Pembuatan dinding dengan metode pengecoran, yang bertujuan untuk membuat mutu material dinding sama/isotropik sehingga kelemahan yang terjadi pada dinding pasangan bisa teratasi, yaitu lemahnya sambungan antara material pasangan dengan mortar. Beton non pasir sebagai material pengecoran, memperhatikan berat satuannya yang lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan beton normal dan mendekati sama dengan berat satuan dinding pasangan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui perilaku model kerusakan dinding beton non pasir, yaitu meliputi hubungan load-displacemant, stiffness, pola retak, drift ratio, maximum shear strength, damping, daktilitas dan mengetahui pengaruh perkuatan tulangan horizontal pada dinding beton non pasir. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan dua buah model benda uji dengan dimensi dinding 3000x3000 mm2 dengan tebal 100 mm yaitu satu buah dinding beton non pasir (light concrete wall, LCW) dan satu buah dinding beton non pasir dengan tulangan horisontal φ6-200 (light concrete wall with horizontal bars φ6-200, LCWHB-200). Pengujian dilakukan dengan pembebanan statis bolak-balik (siklik) sesuai standar ASTM E 2126-02. Dari hasil penelitian, penambahan tulangan horisontal φ6-200 pada pasangan dinding beton non pasir, meningkatkan kapasitas beban sebesar 18,55%, meningkatkan maximum shear strength (Vpeak) sebesar 18,58%, mempertahankan kestabilan penurunan kekakuan, menambah jumlah siklus pembebanan, memberikan nilai aman sampai pada wilayah gempa IV tanah keras. Pola keruntuhan pada dinding beton non pasir dominan keruntuhan guling (rocking failure).

An earthquake mainly brings damage on an infilled wall of a structure. An infilled wall is usually made of brick or concrete brick, but they have weaknesses especially on their brittle. In view of the weakness on join between material and mortar on posed wall, pour concrete concept is considerable since it has an isotropic quality. The infilled material is chosen considering the strength that should have a higher level than in posed wall although a significant strength is not conditioned as a normal concrete has. In this research light concrete wall was selected as the material of the pour concrete, because its specific weight is lower than that of posed wall has. The behavior of light concrete wall damage that covers up the crack pattern, load-displacement curve, global shear stiffness, ultimate shear strength and ductility also effect of horizontal bars is expected to be identified by this experiment. This research was used two test models structure models of light concrete wall along dimensions 3000x3000 mm2 with 100 mm width, they; are one light concrete wall (LCW) and one light concrete wall with horizontal bars φ6-200, LCWHB-200. The research was done with cyclic load based on ASTM E 2126-02. The result is that the additional horizontal bar of Ф6-200 on light concrete wall will increase the load capacity 18,55%, maximum shear strength 18,58%, and stiffness reducing stability, and loading duration. The ruin pattern of light concrete wall is a racking failure pattern with flawless wall body.

Kata Kunci : Dinding, Beton Non Pasir, Tulangan horizontal, Beban siklik, Wall, Light concrete, Horizontal bar, Cyclic load