Hubungan penuaan dipercepat dengan kinerja bahan isolasi Resin Epoksi yang terkontaminasi Polutan Garam Parangtritis di daerah tropis

SUPARDI, Agus, Dr.Ir. Hamzah Berahim, M.T

2005 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Elektro

Material isolasi non keramik seperti resin epoksi sangat sensitif jika digunakan di daerah dengan temperatur, kelembaban dan radiasi ultraviolet yang sangat tinggi. Kondisi iklim ini terdapat di sebagian besar daerah di Indoenesia dan menyebabkan beberapa masalah terhadap unjuk kerja material isolasi. Penelitian ini mengamati hubungan penuaan dipercepat dengan kinerja bahan isolasi resin epoksi yang terkontaminasi polutan garam Parangtritis di daerah tropis. Bahan uji resin epoksi terbuat dari diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) sebagai bahan dasar, methaphenylene diamine (MPDA) sebagai bahan pengeras dan diberi bahan pengisi alumina dan silicone rubber. Bahan Ukuran dari bahan uji adalah 70 mm x 70 mm x 5 mm. Perbandingan campuran DGEBA dengan MPDA adalah 1 : 1, sedangkan bahan pengisi divariasi mulai dari 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, dan 50 % dari berat total bahan uji. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan langkah sebagai berikut, bahan uji disemprot dengan polutan garam Parangtritis sebanyak 200 mL. Setelah itu bahan uji dikenai radiasi sinar ultraviolet selama 0 – 96 jam dengan perlakuan siang dan malam. Kemudian dilakukan pengukuran dan perhitungan tegangan flashover, arus bocor, sudut kontak permukaan serta equivalent salt deposit density (esdd). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurva arus bocor, tegangan flashover, dan sudut kontak hidrofobik akan naik turun seiring dengan lama penuaan. Fenomena ini berkaitan dengan pemulihan sifat permukaan bahan isolasi yang disebabkan proses difusi berat molekul rendah (BMR) dari fase kedua ke permukaan bahan uji. Penuaan dipercepat selama 96 jam pada bahan uji menunjukkan adanya gejala degradasi permukaan yang belum berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perubahan struktur kimia permukaan. Dengan demikian unjuk kerja bahan uji setelah mengalami penuaan dipercepat selama 96 jam yang setara dengan penuaan alamiah selama 5000 jam belum mengalami penurunan yang signifikan.

Non-ceramic insulating materials like epoxy resin are very sensitive if it used in high temperature and in a very humid area, and also in area where exist high intensity of ultraviolet radiation. The climate conditions unfortunately found in most area in Indonesia and cause some problems to the performance of insulating materials. This research present the result of an investigation on relationship between accelerated aging and the perfomance of epoxy resin insulating materials contaminated with Parangtritis salt pollution at tropical region. The specimens of epoxy resin are based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), methaphenylene diamine (MPDA) as curing agent and filled with alumina and silicone rubber. The dimension of specimens are 70 mm x 70 mm x 5 mm. The comparison of DGEBA and MPDA is 1:1, and the filler varied from 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of total weight of insulating material. Experimental method was carried out through the following procedure, the specimens were subjected with 200 mL Parangtritis salt pollution. After that the specimens were subjected with ultraviolet radiation from 0 – 96 hours with the daylight and the night simulation. Measurement and calcultaion of the flashover voltage, leakage current on contamination specimens surface, contact angle of hydrophobic and equivalent salt deposit density (esdd). On the basis of the results, the working curve of leakage curret, flashover voltage, and contact angle of insulating materials will oscillate after subjected with accelerated aging. This phenomena is related with surface recovery of insulating materials cause by the diffusion of low molecular weight (LMW) from the 2nd phase to the surface. The accelerated aging as long as 96 hours indicated surface degradation and have not significant effect to the chemical composition of insulating material. Thus, the perfomance of insulating materials after subjected with accelerated aging as long as 96 hours equal to 5000 hours natural aging have not significant deterioration.

Kata Kunci : Isolator Polimer,Penuaan Resin Epoksi, Accelerated aging, the daylight and the night simulation, the perfomace of insulating material