Kajian manajemen dan mutu kopi (Coffea spp.) rakyat selama pemasaran :: Studi kasus di Kecamatan Cangkringan Sleman

KADARUSMAN, Adang, Dr.Ir. Didik Purwadi, M.Ec

2005 | Tesis | S2 Teknologi Hasil Perkebunan

Klasifikasi mutu kopi ditentukan berdasarkan nilai cacat, tetapi hal ini belum banyak diketahui dan dilakukan oleh petani selaku produsen primer sehingga akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan konsumen. Seberapa jauh klasifikasi mutu dilakukan ditiap tahapan pemasaran perlu dilakukan pengkajian. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian mengenai manajemen dan mutu kopi selama pemasaran melalui pelaku pemasaran, yaitu produsen (petani), pedagang pengumpul (Kelompok tani) dan industri pengolah kopi (Kelompok Usaha Bersama atau KUB) di Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman, Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan survei dan Uji laboratorium. Penelitian survei menggunakan kuisioner dan teknik pengambilan sampelnya dengan stratified random sampling sedangkan uji laboratorium hanya pada Kadar Air kopi wose. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian survei diperoleh bahwa petani sebagai salah satu komponen pelaku pemasaran mengenal mutu kopi wose masih secara lokal, belum berdasarkan berdasarkan defect sytem, sehinggat terjadi apresiasi mutu yang berbeda disetiap pelaku pemasaran. Akibatnya petani tidak memiliki posisi tawar yang baik Berdasarkan Analisis sidik ragam terjadi perbedaan yang nyata diantara pelaku pemasaran terhadap total nilai cacat, sedangkan rata-rata nilai cacat dari sampel 300 gram adalah 150 dan mengacu pada standar mutu kopi yang ditetapkan Departemen Perdagangan dan Industri (1984) berada dalam rentang mutu V (81 – 150). Kadar Air rata-rata hasil pengamatan adalah 12,97 % (tidak berbeda nyata) dengan kadar kotoran 0, %.

The classification of coffee quality is determined based on the defect value, but it has not been known and been done yet by the farmer as the primary producer so that it will be very influential to the consumer’s acceptance. The study toward how far the quality classification is held in every marketing phase needs to be done. Therefore, the research about the coffee management and quality during the marketing through the marketing agents, such as producer (farmer), collector merchant (Farming Group) and the coffee processor industry (KUB) is executed in Cangkringan Subdistrict, Sleman Regency of Special Territory of Yogyakarta. This research is held with a survey approach and a laboratory test. The survey research uses questionnaires and the sampling technique is with stratified random sampling, while the laboratory test is only on the water content of wose coffee. Based on the survey research, it is obtained that farmer, as one of the marketing agent components, recognizes the quality of wose coffee locally, not yet be based on the defect system, so that a different quality appreciation in every marketing agent occurs. As the result, the farmer does not have a good bargaining position. Based on the register examination analysis, there is an obvious difference among the marketing agents toward the defect value, while the average defect value from 300 gram sample is 150 and referring to the coffee quality standard established by the Department of Trading and Industry (1984) is between the quality ranges of V (81-150). The appropriate water content from the observation result is 12,97% (it is not different obviously) with a waste content of 0%.

Kata Kunci : Pengolahan Kopi,Mutu,Pemasaran, Coffee, Quality, Marketing