Laporkan Masalah

Hubungan Rasio Neutrofil/Limfosit Serum dengan Biomarker Alzheimer Dalam Cairan Serebrospinal: Studi Eksploratori

Atika Rahmadini, dr. Indra Sari Kusuma Harahap, Ph.D.,Sp.N.,Subsp.ENK(K); dr. Amelia Nur Vidyanti, Ph.D., Sp.N.Subsp.NGD(K)

2026 | Tesis-Spesialis | S2 Ilmu Penyakit Saraf

Latar Belakang: Neuroinflamasi berperan dalam patogenesis demensia Alzheimer (DA). Rasio neutrofil/limfosit (NLR) merupakan indikator inflamasi sistemik yang mudah diperoleh dari pemeriksaan darah rutin dan diduga berkaitan dengan proses patologis DA. Namun, hubungannya dengan biomarker Alzheimer dalam cairan serebrospinal (LCS) belum konsisten.

Tujuan: Menilai hubungan NLR dengan A?42, p-tau181, dan rasio p-tau181/A?42 LCS pada pasien demensia Alzheimer.

Metode: Studi potong lintang multisenter melibatkan 30 pasien dewasa dengan diagnosis klinis DA dari tiga klinik memori. NLR dihitung dari hitung darah perifer, sedangkan A?42 dan p-tau181 LCS diperiksa dengan ELISA INNOTEST. Biomarker dikategorikan menggunakan ambang yang telah dipublikasikan. Titik potong NLR ditentukan secara terpisah untuk setiap biomarker melalui kurva ROC dan indeks Youden. Hubungan diuji dengan Chi-square atau Fisher dilanjutkan regresi logistik untuk penyesuaian confounding.

Hasil: NLR tinggi (?2,1) lebih besar pada kelompok A?42 abnormal dibandingkan A?42 normal (82,4% vs 38,5%; p=0,020). NLR tidak berhubungan dengan p-tau181 (p=0,148) maupun rasio p-tau181/A?42 (p=0,941). Setelah penyesuaian terhadap hipertensi, NLR ?2,1 tetap berhubungan dengan A?42 abnormal (OR 8,563; CI 95% 1,330–55,131; p=0,024). Nilai AUC adalah 0,719 untuk NLR dan 0,801 untuk model gabungan.

Kesimpulan : NLR berhubungan dengan A?42 LCS abnormal, tetapi tidak dengan p-tau181 maupun rasio p-tau181/A?42. Hasil eksploratori ini mendukung keterkaitan NLR dengan status biomarker amiloid pada pasien DA dan memerlukan konfirmasi pada sampel yang lebih besar.

Background: Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a readily available indicator of systemic inflammation derived from routine blood tests and may be associated with AD pathology. However, its associations with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer’s biomarkers remain inconsistent.

Objective: To assess the associations of NLR with CSF A?42, p-tau181, and the p-tau181/A?42 ratio in patients with AD.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study included 30 adults with clinically diagnosed AD from three memory clinics. NLR was calculated from peripheral blood counts, while CSF A?42 and p-tau181 were measured using INNOTEST ELISA. Biomarkers were categorized using published thresholds. NLR cutoffs were determined separately for each biomarker using ROC curves and the Youden index. Associations were assessed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, followed by logistic regression to adjust for confounding.

Results: The proportion of patients with elevated NLR (?2.1) was higher in the abnormal A?42 group than in the normal group (82.4% vs. 38.5%; p=0.020). NLR was not significantly associated with p-tau181 (p=0.148) or the p-tau181/A?42 ratio (p=0.941). After adjustment for hypertension, NLR ?2.1 remained associated with abnormal A?42 (adjusted OR 8.563; 95% CI 1.330–55.131; p=0.024). AUC values were 0.719 for NLR and 0.801 for the combined model.

Conclusion: NLR was associated with abnormal CSF A?42, whereas no significant associations were found with p-tau181 or the p-tau181/A?42 ratio. These exploratory findings support an association between NLR and amyloid biomarker status in AD and require confirmation in larger samples.

Kata Kunci : Alzheimer’s disease, amiloid beta 42, p-tau181, p-tau181/A?42, rasio neutrofil-limfosit

  1. SPESIALIS-2026-508606-abstract.pdf  
  2. SPESIALIS-2026-508606-bibliography.pdf  
  3. SPESIALIS-2026-508606-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. SPESIALIS-2026-508606-title.pdf