Analisis CASM untuk Perencanaan Rehabilitasi Lahan di Sekitar Kawasan Ibu Kota Nusantara, Kalimantan Timur

Aqilla Khaizuran Putra Sudrajat, Ir. Rochmad Hidayat, S.Hut., M.Sc.

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 PENGELOLAAN HUTAN

Areal rehabilitasi daerah aliran sungai (DAS) di Desa Sungai Payang, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, memiliki tiga tipe tutupan lahan, tetapi dokumen rencana penanamannya masih menerapkan perlakuan yang sama pada seluruh areal. Areal ini merupakan areal rehabilitasi DAS PT X yang pelaksanaan penanamannya dikerjakan oleh PT Tectona Alas Makmur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan lahan (capability), mengidentifikasi sebaran lahan kritis dan urutan prioritas pengerjaan (availability), mengevaluasi kesesuaian tempat tumbuh jenis tanaman rehabilitasi (suitability), serta menganalisis keterkelolaan operasional (manageability). Wilayah penelitian dibagi menjadi Land Mapping Unit (LMU) melalui overlay peta tutupan lahan, kelerengan, dan jenis tanah, kemudian diambil 51 titik sampel dengan stratified random sampling. Kelas kemampuan lahan ditentukan dengan metode matching, kekritisan lahan dinilai berdasarkan P.3/PDASHL/SET/KUM.1/7/2018 dengan pendugaan erosi USLE, kesesuaian 14 jenis tanaman dinilai dengan matching syarat tumbuh, dan keterkelolaan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dari wawancara semi-terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lahan terbagi atas Kelas II seluas 5,26 ha, Kelas III seluas 37,74 ha, dan Kelas IV seluas 154,42 ha. Lahan Sangat Kritis mendominasi seluas 98,87 ha (49,80%) pada 14 anak petak yang menjadi prioritas pertama, diikuti anak petak berstatus Agak Kritis, Potensial Kritis, dan anak petak 9C. Kondisi tanah dan curah hujan memenuhi syarat tumbuh ke-14 jenis tanaman yang direncanakan, sehingga pembagian jenis ditentukan oleh toleransi naungan, yaitu jenis intoleran pada lahan terbuka, semi-toleran pada hutan tanaman, dan toleran pada hutan lahan rendah. Operasional lahan mudah dilaksanakan karena didukung kepastian kawasan, pendanaan penuh, dan tenaga kerja lokal, tetapi terkendala jalan menuju petak yang licin saat hujan, pembayaran termin tanpa uang muka, jaminan sosial pekerja yang belum lengkap, dan pemantauan yang masih memakai foto geotag. 

The watershed rehabilitation area in Sungai Payang Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, has three land cover types, yet its planting plan still applies the same treatment across the entire area. This area is the watershed rehabilitation area of PT X, where planting is carried out by PT Tectona Alas Makmur. This study aimed to analyze land capability, identify the distribution of critical land and the order of work priority (availability), evaluate the site suitability of the rehabilitation species (suitability), and analyze operational manageability. The study area was divided into Land Mapping Units (LMUs) by overlaying land cover, slope, and soil type maps, and 51 sample points were then taken using stratified random sampling. Land capability classes were determined using the matching method, land criticality was assessed according to Regulation P.3/PDASHL/SET/KUM.1/7/2018 with erosion estimated using the USLE, the suitability of 14 species was assessed by matching their growth requirements, and manageability was analyzed descriptively and qualitatively from semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the land consisted of Class II covering 5.26 ha, Class III covering 37.74 ha, and Class IV covering 154.42 ha. Very Critical land dominated, covering 98.87 ha (49.80%) in 14 sub-compartments that became the first priority, followed by sub-compartments classified as Slightly Critical, Potentially Critical, and sub-compartment 9C. Soil conditions and rainfall met the growth requirements of all 14 planned species, so species allocation was determined by shade tolerance, namely intolerant species on open land, semi-tolerant species in plantation forest, and tolerant species in lowland forest. Field operations were easy to carry out because they were supported by the legal certainty of the area, full funding, and local labor, but they were constrained by access roads to the compartments that become slippery during rain, progress payments without an advance payment, incomplete social security coverage for workers, and monitoring that still relies on geotagged photos.

Kata Kunci : Rehabilitasi, Capability, Availability, Suitability, Manageability