Collaborative Governance dalam Pengelolaan Pariwisata Berbasis Komunitas: Studi Kasus Pengelolaan Umbul Sigedhang-Kapilaler, Klaten

Divani Dima Kurniawan, Dr. Ratminto, M.Pol.Admin.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU ADMINISTRASI NEGARA (MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK)

Penelitian ini menganalisis proses collaborative governance dalam pengelolaan Umbul Sigedhang-Kapilaler, destinasi wisata berbasis komunitas yang terletak di perbatasan administratif Desa Ponggok dan Desa Karanglo, Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Kolaborasi antara Lembaga Usaha Produktif Milik Masyarakat Desa (LUPMMDes) Ponggok dan kedua pemerintah desa ini menarik untuk dikaji karena diinisiasi oleh komunitas, bukan pemerintah, dan melibatkan klaim kewenangan dari dua pemerintah desa sekaligus atas satu destinasi wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus tunggal instrumental yang bersifat longitudinal, mencakup periode 2015 hingga 2023. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan delapan informan kunci, observasi non partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik yang diarahkan oleh komponen Kerangka Integratif Collaborative Governance dari Emerson, Nabatchi, dan Balogh (2012). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa collaborative governance terbentuk secara bertahap melalui interaksi antara konteks sistem, faktor pendorong, dan dinamika kolaborasi, menghasilkan tindakan kolaboratif berupa kesepakatan pembagian Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADes) yang konsisten dan pertumbuhan pendapatan yang signifikan. Namun demikian, formalisasi kerja sama melalui nota kesepahaman (MoU) belum tercapai karena tiga hambatan yang saling berkaitan, yaitu hambatan substantif, struktural, dan prosedural. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Kerangka Integratif Emerson, Nabatchi, dan Balogh (2012) relevan digunakan untuk menjelaskan collaborative governance yang diinisiasi komunitas dan melibatkan klaim kewenangan dari lebih dari satu pemerintah desa, sebuah konteks yang berbeda dari mayoritas kajian collaborative governance di Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: collaborative governance, pariwisata berbasis komunitas, tata kelola desa, formalisasi kerja sama, studi kasus

This study analyzes the process of collaborative governance in the management of Umbul Sigedhang-Kapilaler, a community-based tourism destination located on the administrative border between Ponggok Village and Karanglo Village, Klaten Regency, Central Java. The collaboration between the Village Community-Owned Tourism Enterprise (LUPMMDes) of Ponggok and the two village governments is of particular interest because it was initiated by the community rather than the government, and involves overlapping jurisdictional claims from two village governments over a single tourism destination. This study employs a qualitative approach with an instrumental single case study design that is longitudinal in nature, covering the period from 2015 to 2023. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with eight key informants, non-participant observation, and documentary study, and were analyzed using thematic analysis directed by the components of the Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance developed by Emerson, Nabatchi, and Balogh (2012). The findings show that collaborative governance was formed gradually through the interaction of system context, drivers, and collaboration dynamics, producing collaborative actions in the form of a consistent revenue-sharing agreement and significant income growth. However, formalization of the cooperation through a memorandum of understanding (MoU) has not yet been achieved due to three interrelated barriers: substantive, structural, and procedural. This study concludes that the Integrative Framework of Emerson, Nabatchi, and Balogh (2012) is relevant for explaining community-initiated collaborative governance that involves jurisdictional claims from more than one village government, a context that differs from most collaborative governance studies in Indonesia.

Keywords: collaborative governance, community-based tourism, village governance, cooperation formalization, case study

Kata Kunci : collaborative governance, pariwisata berbasis komunitas, tata kelola desa, formalisasi kerja sama, studi kasus