Income and Welfare Level of Agroforestry Farm Households in Playen Sub-District Gunungkidul Regency

Farhan Mahfuzh, Anung Pranyoto, S.P., M.P.; Muh Amat Nasir, S.P.

2026 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Skema perhutanan sosial memberikan peluang bagi masyarakat lokal untuk memanfaatkan lahan hutan negara melalui agroforestri guna meningkatkan taraf hidup di pedesaan. Namun, kendala biofisik dan status sebagai penggarap dengan hak tanam musiman seringkali menjadi tantangan bagi resiliensi ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga tani. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pendapatan rumah tangga tani agroforestri berdasarkan luas lahan, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi total pendapatan, (3) menilai tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga tani menggunakan Good Service Ratio (GSR), dan (4) menganalisis determinan yang memengaruhi tingkat kesejahteraan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Playen, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, dengan fokus pada petani penggarap di lahan hutan milik negara (Perhutani/Dinas LHK). Metode dasar yang digunakan adalah analitik deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei terhadap 106 petani agroforestri yang dipilih secara proportionate random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dan pengukuran GSR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata total pendapatan tahunan meningkat seiring luas lahan: Rp29.951.217 (sempit), Rp35.479.561 (sedang), dan Rp57.790.654 (luas). Pendapatan rumah tangga dipengaruhi secara positif dan signifikan oleh jumlah anggota keluarga, umur kepala keluarga, luas lahan, dan keberadaan pendapatan luar usahatani (off-farm). Berdasarkan indikator GSR, persentase rumah tangga sejahtera adalah 40% pada lahan sempit, 53,66% pada lahan sedang, dan 52% pada lahan luas. Tingkat kesejahteraan dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh jumlah anggota keluarga dan tingkat pendidikan kepala keluarga. 

The social forestry scheme offers local communities the opportunity to utilize state-owned forest lands through agroforestry, aiming to improve rural livelihoods and alleviate poverty. However, biophysical constraints and limited land tenure often challenge the economic resilience and welfare of tenant farmers. This research aims to: (1) investigate the income of agroforestry farm households based on land area categories, (2) analyze the determinants of total household income, (3) assess the welfare level of agroforestry farm households using the Good Service Ratio (GSR), and (4) analyze the determinants affecting this welfare level. The research was conducted in Playen District, Gunungkidul Regency, focusing on tenant farmers holding seasonal cultivation rights on state-owned forest land. The basic method used was a descriptive analytic approach with quantitative methods, surveying 106 agroforestry farmers selected through proportionate random sampling. Data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) multiple linear regression and GSR calculations. The results showed that the average total annual income increased alongside land size: IDR 29,951,217 (small), IDR 35,479,561 (medium), and IDR 57,790,654 (large). Household income is positively and significantly influenced by the number of family members, head of household's age, land area, and the existence of off-farm income. Based on the GSR indicator, the proportion of prosperous households was 40% for small land, 53.66% for medium land, and 52% for large land. The welfare level is significantly influenced by the number of family members and the education level of the household head. 

Kata Kunci : agroforestry, farm income, welfare level, Good Service Ratio, social forestry.