Pengembangan Sistem Prioritas Clash Detection Berbasis BIM Pada 3D Coordination Menggunakan Plugin Pyrevit

Dzakki Rabbanii Aznur, Ir.Teguh Sudibyo, S.T., M.T, Ph.D., IPU.

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 TEKNIK PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN INFRASTRUKTUR SIPIL

Koordinasi multi-disiplin (3D Coordination) merupakan implementasi utama Building Information Modeling (BIM) yang krusial untuk mencegah pekerjaan ulang (rework) yang berpotensi membebani biaya konstruksi. Namun, koordinasi konvensional kerap menimbulkan fenomena kejenuhan benturan (clash fatigue), di mana ratusan titik benturan disajikan tanpa struktur hierarki penanganan yang jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem prioritas deteksi benturan berbasis BIM yang dipandu oleh dokumen BIM Execution Plan (BEP) dan dioperasikan langsung pada perangkat lunak perancangan (authoring) Autodesk Revit.

Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan terintegrasi yang mencakup: (1) penyusunan dokumen BEP koordinasi 3D berstandar empat pilar Penn State BIM Project Execution Planning Guide v2.2; (2) adaptasi algoritma indeks benturan (Clash Index, $CI=P\times WS\times WMEP\times U$) berbasis pembobotan Best-Worst Method (BWM) dari Bitaraf et al. (2024) yang mengklasifikasikan tingkat keparahan benturan ke dalam tiga kelas prioritas (High, Medium, Low); dan (3) perancangan plugin pyRevit ClashManager berarsitektur modular dua lapisan (backend pemroses Python murni dan frontend tampilan interaktif WPF dengan pengendali asinkron IExternalEventHandler) yang menyediakan navigasi instan satu klik ke titik koordinat tabrakan di Revit.

Implementasi pada model studi kasus gedung bertingkat dua lantai menghasilkan garis dasar (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">N0=133N_0 = 133</math>N0?=133) pasang benturan fisik murni antara elemen struktur (STR) dan mekanikal/elektrikal/plambing (MEP). Validasi sistem membuktikan bahwa: (1) modul algoritma plugin mencapai tingkat keterbacaan data $R=100,00\%$ (133 dari 133 entri XML terbaca sempurna) dengan ketepatan aljabar perhitungan nilai deterministik tanpa galat ($E=0,00\%$ terhadap hitungan manual); dan (2) uji coba fungsional penyelesaian sampel representatif (High, Medium, Low) mengonfirmasi keberhasilan penyesuaian rute utilitas dengan mempertahankan kekakuan elemen struktur (Fixed-to-Flexible), yang diverifikasi berstatus Resolved pada uji ulang di Navisworks Manage. Sistem ini terbukti fungsional dalam memandu alur kerja koordinasi serta memitigasi kelelahan kognitif pemodel BIM.

Multi-disciplinary 3D coordination represents a vital Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation aimed at mitigating design rework costs in construction projects. However, conventional coordination workflows frequently trigger clash fatigue, presenting hundreds of unstructured spatial conflicts without an actionable resolution hierarchy. This study aims to develop a BIM-based clash prioritization system governed by a standardized BIM Execution Plan (BEP) and operationalized directly within Autodesk Revit.

The research implements an integrated methodology comprising: (1) formulation of a 3D coordination BEP adhering to the four core pillars of the Penn State BIM Project Execution Planning Guide v2.2; (2) adaptation of the multi-criteria Clash Index formulation ($CI=P\times WS\times WMEP\times U$) using Best-Worst Method (BWM) weights from Bitaraf et al. (2024) to classify spatial conflicts into three deterministic priority categories (High, Medium, Low); and (3) development of the pyRevit add-in ClashManager utilizing a two-layer decoupled architecture (a Python computation backend and a modeless WPF UI frontend communicating via IExternalEventHandler) that enables one-click camera navigation to clash coordinates in Revit.

Application to a two-story building case study established an empirical baseline of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">N0=133N_0 = 133</math>N0?=133 physical hard clashes strictly between structural (STR) and mechanical/electrical/plumbing (MEP) systems. The two-stage validation verified that: (1) the pyRevit engine achieved a 100.00% XML data recognition rate ($R=100.00\%$) and zero mathematical discrepancy ($E=0.00\%$) against manual verification; and (2) representative sample resolving across High, Medium, and Low priorities confirmed successful utility rerouting while maintaining structural rigidity (Fixed-to-Flexible), independently authenticated as Resolved in Autodesk Navisworks Manage. The system delivers an objective, standardized, and practical coordination decision-support tool that significantly alleviates cognitive fatigue for BIM modelers.

Kata Kunci : Building Information Modeling, 3D Coordination, BIM Execution Plan, Clash Detection, Clash Index, Best-Worst Method, pyRevit.