Indeks Kontainer pada Sekolah Dasar negeri di Kota Bengkulu Tahun 2005

MURTININGSIH, Prof.Dr.dr. Adi Heru Sutomo, M.Sc

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kerja

Latar Belakang : Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue adalah penyakit menular berbahaya, sering menimbulkan wabah, disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui nyamuk Ae. aegypti dan belum ditemukan vaksin maupun obatnya. Cara yang paling baik untuk mencegahnya dengan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) yang indikator keberhasilannya dapat diketahui melalui Container Index. Penyakit ini banyak menyerang terutama anak-anak usia sekolah dasar, oleh karena itu perlu diteliti kemungkinan penularan penyakit ini melalui sekolah dengan mengetahui keberadaan breeding place, frekuensi dan cara pengurasan bak mandi/wc sekolah serta upaya supervisi dan penyuluhan yang dilakukan oleh petugas/kader kesehatan yang berhubungan dengan Container Index pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kota Bengkulu. Tujuan : Mengetahui Indeks Kontainer sekolah dasar di Kota Bengkulu dan mengetahui hubungan antara tempat perindukan nyamuk, frekuensi pengurasan, cara pengurasan bak mandi/wc, supervisi, penyuluhan dengan Container Index. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian dilaksanakan secara observasional dengan disain penelitian cross sectional analitik. Subyek penelitian adalah total populasi sebanyak 83 sekolah dasar negeri di Kota Bengkulu. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan statistik parametrik. Hasil : Container Index sekolah sebesar 51,2 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara breeding place dengan Container Index (p = 0,580), ada hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara frekuensi (0,000) dan cara (0,001) pengurasan bak mandi/wc sekolah dengan Container Index, ada hubungan antara supervisi (p = 0,007) dan penyuluhan (p = 0,002) oleh petugas/kader kesehatan dengan Container Index.

Background: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) disease is a dangerous contagious disease which often induces epidemy. Such disease is caused by dengue virus infected through Aedes aegypti and vaccine for its cure has not been invented yet. The best way to prevent the disease is to eradicate the breeding place of which its success indicator can be seen from Container Index. DHF disease mostly attacks elementary school children, therefore it is necessary to study the possibility of its contagious through schools by identifying the existence of breeding place, frequency and methods of draining school bath tubs/ toilets and efforts of supervision and socialization given by health staff/cadre in relation to Container Index of elementary school in Bengkulu City. Objectives: To identify Container Index of elementary school at Bengkulu City and the relationship between mosquito's breeding places, draining frequency, methods of draining bath tubs/toilets, supervision, and socialization through Container Index. Methods : The study was an observational type which used cross sectional analytical design. The subject was total population consisting of as many as 83 public elementary schools in Bengkulu City. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate with parametric statistical methods. Result: Container Index of schools was 51.2%. Result of the study showed that there was no relationship between breeding place and Container Index (p = 0,580), there was a very significant relationship between frequency (0,000) and types (0,001) of school bath tub/toilet draining with Container Index, and there was a relationship between supervision (p = 0,007) and socialization given (p = 0,002) by health staff/cadre with Container Index.

Kata Kunci : Wabah DB, Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk, Container Index, Pengurasan, Frequency of bath tub/toilet draining had the most significant relationship with Container Index.