Analisis Kinerja Sistem Pengkondisian Udara Berkapasitas 1500 Watt terhadap Variasi Beban Pendinginan dan Kelembapan Ruangan
Zaki Abdussalam, Dr. Hifni Mukhtar Ariyadi, S.T., M.Sc.
2026 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Mesin
The development of air-conditioning technology continues to advance in order to meet comfort standards and the needs of various sectors, such as industry, residential buildings, and transportation. Innovations in air conditioning systems generally focus on improving energy efficiency while maintaining thermal comfort within controlled spaces. Based on these needs, this study aims to analyze the performance of a air-conditioning system by examining how changes in environmental conditions and the use of additional components can influence the AC’s operational performance.
The research is conducted using an experimental room equipped with a split-type air conditioner as the main test object. The room is fitted with a heater to increase the cooling load and a dehumidifier to reduce humidity level. Variations in environmental conditions are created by adjusting temperature and humidity. Several sensors are placed at strategic points inside the room as well as on the AC system, including the evaporator, condenser, compressor, and refrigerant lines. These sensors function to record changes in thermodynamic parameters throughout the testing process.
The test results indicate that an increase in sensible cooling load (0 W, 200 W, and 400 W) prompts the AC inverter compressor to ramp up its operating frequency to maintain the setpoint temperature. This is marked by a widening compression pressure differential (9.65 bar to 10.51 bar) and a surge in electrical power consumption from 170 W to 340.1 W. The higher power input leads to a decline in the system's thermodynamic efficiency, with the Coefficient of Performance (COP) dropping significantly from 5.8 to 3.5–3.6. Nevertheless, the increased compressor workload positively impacts indoor air quality by intensifying the dehumidification process at the evaporator. As a result, the humidity ratio (?) is successfully reduced from 14.8 g/kg to 11.9 g/kg, while bringing the relative humidity (RH) down from the 75%–80% range to an ideal level of 60%–65%. Meanwhile, an increase in initial indoor relative humidity (63% to 73%) drives up power consumption from 85 W – 88 W to 115 W – 120 W due to an expanded compression pressure differential Phigh rising from 19.4 bar to 21.1 bar. However, this increase in power input is offset by high latent heat absorption during moisture condensation, resulting in an improved COP from 5–5.5 to 5.5–6.8. Even so, the higher initial humidity causes the final steady-state indoor conditions to remain at a higher moisture level, specifically RH 80%–83.4% and an ? of 14.5 g/kg.
Kata Kunci : Sistem pengkondisian udara, ruang eksperimen, perpindahan kalor, beban pendinginan, kinerja termal.