Uji Banding Hasil Uji Tempel Antara Alergen Standar Merek Patch Gen® Dengan Merek Chemotechnique®
Amelia Pungky, Dr. dr. Niken Indrastuti, Sp.D.V.E., Subsp.D.A.I ; dr. Fajar Waskito, Sp.D.V.E., Subsp.D.A.I., M.Kes
2026 | Tesis | S2 Kedokteran Klinik
Latar Belakang: Uji tempel merupakan baku emas untuk mengidentifikasi alergen penyebab dermatitis kontak alergi (DKA). Di Indonesia, penggunaan alergen standar impor seperti Chemotechnique® masih menghadapi kendala biaya dan distribusi. Patch Gen® merupakan alergen standar yang dikembangkan secara lokal sebagai alternatif yang lebih mudah diakses.
Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan hasil uji tempel antara alergen standar merek Patch Gen® dan alergen standar merek Chemotechnique® pada pasien DKA serta menilai performa diagnostik masing-masing alergen Patch Gen®.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan uji komparasi dan uji diagnostik pada 43 pasien DKA. Seluruh subjek menjalani uji tempel menggunakan Patch Gen® dan Chemotechnique® yang masing-masing terdiri atas 15 alergen. Hasil dibaca sesuai kriteria International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG). Hasil uji dikategorikan sebagai positif atau negatif. Analisis meliputi uji McNemar, koefisien Cohen's Kappa, serta sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai prediksi positif (PPV), nilai prediksi negatif (NPV), rasio likelihood positif (LR+), rasio likelihood negatif (LR?), akurasi, dan nilai AUC dari kurva ROC.
Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna hasil uji tempel alergen standar merek Patch Gen® dan Chemotechnique® (p>0,05). Sebagian besar alergen menunjukkan tingkat kesesuaian yang baik hingga hampir sempurna berdasarkan koefisien Cohen's Kappa. Performa diagnostik relatif Patch Gen® terhadap Chemotechnique® menunjukkan sensitivitas 83,3-100%, spesifisitas 87,5-100%, PPV 50-100%, NPV 93,8-100%, LR+ 7,27–42,00, LR- 0,00–0,17 dan akurasi 88,4–100%. 3. Nilai AUC >0,70 menunjukkan kemampuan diskriminasi yang baik hingga sangat baik.
Kesimpulan: Patch Gen® memiliki performa diagnostik relatif yang baik terhadap Chemotechnique® sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alergen standar uji tempel di Indonesia
Background: Patch test is the gold standard for identifying allergens causing allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). In Indonesia, the use of imported standard allergens such as Chemotechnique® still faces challenges related to cost and distribution. Patch Gen® is a standard allergen panel developed locally as a more accessible alternative.
Objective: To compare the patch test results between the standard allergens of Patch Gen® and Chemotechnique® in patients with ACD, and to assess the diagnostic performance of each Patch Gen® allergen.
Method: A cross-sectional study with a comparative and diagnostic test approach involving 43 patients with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). All subjects underwent patch testing using Patch Gen® and Chemotechnique®, each consisting of 15 allergens. The analysis included the McNemar-test, Cohen's Kappa coefficient, as well as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR?), accuracy, and AUC value from ROC curve.
Results: There were no significant differences in patch test results between Patch Gen® and Chemotechnique® (p>0.05). Most allergens showed a good to almost perfect level of agreement based on Cohen's Kappa coefficient. The relative diagnostic performance of Patch Gen® compared to Chemotechnique® showed a sensitivity of 83.3-100%, specificity of 87.5-100%, PPV of 50-100%, NPV of 93.8-100%, LR+ of 7.27–42.00, LR- of 0.00–0.17, and accuracy of 88.4–100%. An AUC value >0.70 indicates good to excellent discriminative ability.
Conclusion: Patch Gen® has good relative diagnostic performance to Chemotechnique® and can be used as a standard patch test allergen in Indonesia.
Kata Kunci : standard allergens, Patch Gen®, Chemotechnique®, allergic contact dermatitis, patch test
