Pemodelan Numerik Aliran Air Tanah di Daerah Danau Yeh Malet dan Sekitarnya, Kecamatan Manggis, Kabupaten Karangasem, Provinsi Bali
YASMIN NAFISAH QURRATU'AINI, Dr.rer.nat Ir. Doni Prakasa Eka Putra, S.T., M.T., IPM.; Prof. Dr.rer.nat Ir. Heru Hendrayana, IPU.
2026 | Skripsi | TEKNIK GEOLOGI
Yeh Malet Lake is located in Manggis District, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province, and plays an important role in the local tourism sector. Field observations indicate that the lake has experienced a significant decline in water level. Extensive land-use change, along with its location in a non-potential groundwater basin, is suspected to influence the surrounding hydrological system. This study aims to review the geological and hydrogeological conditions, determine the hydrogeological conceptual model, and analyze the relationship between groundwater and Yeh Malet Lake through numerical simulation. The methods applied include the collection of field geological and hydrogeological data, which were processed under steady-state conditions using Visual MODFLOW software.
The results show that the study area consists of several geomorphological units, namely volcanic hills, alluvial plain, and coastal plain, with a stratigraphy from oldest to youngest comprising basaltic lava-breccia, gravel-boulder sand deposits, and fine sand deposits. The aquifer system in the study area consists of unconfined aquifer 1, with a hydraulic conductivity of 1.75 × 10?? m/s; unconfined aquifer 2, with a hydraulic conductivity of 3.87 × 10?? m/s; a fractured aquifer, with a hydraulic conductivity of 6.18 × 10?? m/s; and an aquiclude. Groundwater generally flows from north to south, from the hills as the recharge area toward the coast as the discharge area, with a groundwater table depth ranging from 1.7 to 25.7 m. The groundwater recharge rate of 112 mm/year was obtained from the difference between average rainfall (1,704 mm/year), evapotranspiration (1,324 mm/year), and surface runoff (268 mm/year).
Based on the calibrated model, with a Normalized Root Mean Square (NRMS) value of 10.5%, Yeh Malet Lake was identified as a flow-through lake, in which groundwater recharges the lake on one side and discharges back into the groundwater system toward the coast. The decline in the lake's water level was triggered by the intensity of groundwater pumping resulting from settlement expansion in the plain and coastal zones. A simulated dredging of the lake bottom was found to effectively restore the water supply and groundwater flow balance within the lake system.
Kata Kunci : Danau Yeh Malet, Hidrogeologi, Pemodelan Numerik, Visual MODFLOW, Steady-state