Kedokteran Presisi Salam Sudut Pandang Bioetika dan Kolaborasi Interprofesional

ATI ARTATI, Prof. Dra. R.A. Yayi Suryo Prabandari,M.Si.,Ph.D., Prof. dr. Sofia Mubarika Haryana,M.Med.Sc.,Ph.D.

2026 | Tesis | MAGISTER BIOETIKA

Latar belakang : Kedokteran presisi merupakan pendekatan pelayanan kesehatan yang menyesuaikan pencegahan, diagnosis, dan terapi berdasarkan karakteristik individu. Kata kunci: Kedokteran Presisi, Bioetika, Genomik, Tenaga Kesehatan, Pelayanan Kesehatann kolaborasi interprofesional dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi kesiapan tenaga kesehatan dalam menghadapi era kedokteran presisi ditinjau dari aspek bioetika (autonomy, beneficence, non maleficence, dan justice), serta mendeskripsikan sikap kolaborasi interprofesional tenaga kesehatan dalam menghadapi era kedokteran presisi. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dan kualitatif deskriptif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuesioner pada tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit pendidikan, sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap informan yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil : penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pemahaman yang baik mengenai kedokteran presisi dan menunjukkan sikap kolaborasi interprofesional yang baik. Prinsip autonomy dipahami melalui pentingnya informed consent yang komprehensif dan perlindungan kerahasiaan data genetik. Prinsip beneficencetercermin dari potensi kedokteran presisi dalam meningkatkan ketepatan terapi dan pencegahan penyakit. Prinsip non maleficence berkaitan dengan risiko dampak psikologis, kesalahan interpretasi hasil genomik, serta perlunya kehati- hatian dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis. Prinsip justice masih menghadapi tantangan berupa keterbatasan biaya, fasilitas, dan sumber daya manusia sehingga akses pelayanan berbasis genomik belum merata. Kesimpulan: Kesiapan tenaga kesehatan dalam menghadapi era kedokteran presisi masih berada pada tahap berkembang. Penguatan aspek etika, pendidikan, kompetensi sumber daya manusia, kolaborasi interprofesional, serta dukungan kebijakan diperlukan untuk mendukung implementasi pelayanan kesehatan berbasis genomik yang aman, beretika, dan berpusat pada pasien.

Background: Precision medicine is a healthcare approach that tailors prevention, diagnosis, and treatment based on individual characteristics. The implementation of precision medicine presents various bioethical challenges and requires interprofessional collaboration in healthcare delivery. Objective: This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals’ readiness to face the era of precision medicine from the perspective of bioethical principles (autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice), and to describe their attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration in the context of precision medicine. Methods: This study employed a descriptive quantitative and descriptive qualitative approach. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaires administered to healthcare professionals working in a teaching hospital, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with purposively selected informants. Results: The findings showed that most respondents had a good understanding of precision medicine and demonstrated positive attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration. The principle of autonomy was reflected in the importance of comprehensive informed consent and the protection of genetic data confidentiality. Beneficence was manifested in the potential of precision medicine to improve the accuracy of therapy and disease prevention. Non-maleficence was associated with the risks of psychological impacts, misinterpretation of genomic results, and the need for caution in clinical decision-making. The principle of justice remains challenged by limitations in costs, facilities, and human resources, resulting in unequal access to genomic-based healthcare services. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals’ readiness to face the era of precision medicine is still evolving. Strengthening ethical aspects, education, human resource competencies, interprofessional collaboration, and policy support is essential to promote the safe, ethical, and patient centered implementation of genomic based healthcare services.

Kata Kunci : Kedokteran Presisi, Bioetika, Genomik, Tenaga Kesehatan, Pelayanan Kesehatan