Analisis Perbandingan Kebutuhan Sumber Daya Pekerja pada Proyek Perumahan dengan Metode Line of Balance (LoB) dan Konvensional (Studi Kasus: Rumah Tipe 30/84 di Lombok)

Anggun Firmansyah, Arief Setiawan Budi Nugroho, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D.; Ir. Ashar Saputra, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN.Eng.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Sipil

Keterbatasan dalam pengelolaan waktu, biaya, dan mutu masih menjadi permasalahan utama dalam pelaksanaan proyek perumahan. Akibatnya, pendekatan konvensional masih sering diterapkan meskipun berpotensi menimbulkan keterlambatan penyelesaian pekerjaan dan pemborosan sumber daya pekerja yang berdampak pada peningkatan biaya proyek. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan sumber daya dan biaya pekerja penerapan metode Line of Balance dibandingkan metode konvensional. Serta analisis kajian persepsi stakeholder terhadap efektifitas metode dan perbandingan mutu arsitektural antar metode pelaksanaan. 

Penelitian ini mengambil studi kasus pada proyek perumahan tipe 30/84 yang berlokasi di Lombok. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan secara kuantitatif melalui eksperimen lapangan guna menganalisis perbandingan kebutuhan sumber daya dan biaya pekerjaan. Selain itu, data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur untuk menggali persepsi stakeholder dalam menilai mutu arsitektural pekerjaan serta tantangan dan hambatan penerapan metode Line of Balance dibandingkan konvensional. 

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan sumber daya pekerja pada metode konvensional  didapatkan sebanyak 542 orang-hari (OH). Sedangkan kebutuhan sumber daya pekerja metode Line of Balance hanya sebesar 452 orang-hari (OH). Reduksi kebutuhan orang-hari tersebut mencerminkan efisiensi pemanfaatan tenaga kerja yang berimplikasi pada biaya tenaga kerja, dengan tingkat penghematan sebesar 21,24%. Sementara itu, hasil kajian persepsi melalui wawancara menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Line of Balance lebih efektif dibandingkan konvensional. Hambatan dan tantangan penerapan meliputi perencanaan, manajemen lapangan, karakteristik tenaga kerja, ketersediaan dan kesesuaian material di lapangan. Dari segi mutu arsitektural bangunan relatif sama dan tidak dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan metode. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Line of Balance layak dijadikan metode alternatif yang lebih unggul dibandingkan pendekatan konvensional, khususnya pada proyek perumahan yang bersifat repetitif.

Limitations in managing time, cost, and quality remain major challenges in housing project implementation. As a result, conventional approaches are still widely applied, despite their potential to cause project delays and inefficient use of labor resources, which ultimately lead to increased project costs. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the comparison of labor resources and labor costs between the Line of Balance method and the conventional method. In addition, this research examines stakeholders’ perceptions of method effectiveness and compares the architectural quality achieved by each construction approach. 

This research adopts a case study of a 30/84 type housing project located in Lombok. Primary quantitative data were collected through field experiments to evaluate differences in labor requirements and labor costs. Furthermore, qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews to explore stakeholder perceptions regarding architectural quality, as well as the challenges and constraints associated with implementing the Line of Balance method compared to the conventional approach. 

The results indicate that the conventional method required a total of 542 man-days, while the Line of Balance method required only 452 man-days. This reduction reflects a more efficient utilization of labor resources, leading to labor cost savings of 21.24%. Meanwhile, findings from stakeholder perceptions reveal that the Line of Balance method is considered more effective than the conventional approach. The main challenges in its implementation include planning, site management, workforce characteristics, and the availability and suitability of materials on site. In terms of architectural quality, both methods produce relatively similar outcomes and are not significantly affected by differences in construction methods. These findings suggest that the Line of Balance method is a viable and superior alternative to the conventional approach, particularly for repetitive housing projects.

Kata Kunci : Line of Balance, Proyek Perumahan, Sumber Daya Pekerja, Biaya, Mutu Arsitektural