Gambaran Pengetahuan tentang Demensia pada Siswa SMA di Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.

Citra Dewi Mustika Sari, Dr. Sri Mulyani, S.Kep., Ns., M.Ng. ; Dr. Heru Subekti, SKep., Ns., MPH.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar belakang: Demensia merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif kronis yang sebagian besar menyerang lansia. Kebiasaan merokok, konsumsi alkohol berlebih, serta minimnya aktivitas fisik merupakan faktor risiko demensia yang dapat dimodifikasi dan dapat muncul sejak usia remaja. Masalah kesehatan yang sering dialami siswa SMA, seperti masalah nutrisi, kebiasaan merokok, gangguan kesehatan mental, dan konsumsi alkohol, dapat meningkatkan risiko demensia di masa mendatang. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan dan kesadaran siswa SMA mengenai demensia penting untuk ditingkatkan sebagai upaya pencegahan sejak dini.

Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang demensia pada siswa SMA di Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.

Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 318 siswa SMA. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS). Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat.

Hasil: Pengetahuan siswa SMA tentang demensia memiliki median skor sebesar 18,00 (min-max=0-50). Domain dengan median skor tertinggi pada pertimbangan perawatan serta risiko dan promosi kesehatan. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna skor pengetahuan berdasarkan usia (p=0,015), jenis kelamin (p=0,000), pengalaman berinteraksi dengan Orang Dengan Demensia (p=0,011), dan riwayat edukasi tentang demensia (p=0,001).

Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan siswa SMA tentang demensia kurang dari setengah total skor DKAS. Pengetahuan lebih baik ditemukan pada siswa SMA berusia 16 tahun, perempuan, pernah berinteraksi dengan Orang Dengan Demensia, dan pernah memperoleh edukasi tentang demensia. Usia, jenis kelamin, pengalaman berinteraksi, dan riwayat edukasi memiliki hubungan dengan pengetahuan demensia.

Background: Dementia is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects older adults. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and insufficient physical activity are modifiable risk factors for dementia that may emerge as early as adolescence. Health problems commonly experienced by high school students, such as nutritional problems, smoking habits, mental health disorders, and alcohol consumption, may increase the risk of developing dementia later in life. Therefore, improving high school students’ knowledge and awareness of dementia is important as an early prevention effort.

Objective: To describe the level of dementia knowledge among high school students in Depok District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta.

Methods: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design. A total of 318 high school students participated in the study. Data were collected using the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed.

Results: The median dementia knowledge score among high school students was 18.00 (min–max = 0–50). The domains with the highest median scores were care considerations and risk and health promotion. Significant differences in knowledge scores were found based on age (p = 0.015), sex (p = 0.000), experience interacting with People Living with Dementia (p = 0.011), and history of dementia education (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: High school students’ dementia knowledge was less than half of the total DKAS score. Better knowledge was found among high school students aged 16 years, female students, those who had interacted with People Living with Dementia, and those who had previously received dementia education. Age, sex, interaction experience, and history of dementia education were associated with dementia knowledge.

Kata Kunci : Demensia, pengetahuan, siswa SMA / Dementia, knowledge, high school students