? = 0.878). The instrument has been supplemented with scoring guidelines and score categorization, making it ready for implementation as a measure of adaptive leadership among principals in Indonesia."> ? = 0.878). The instrument has been supplemented with scoring guidelines and score categorization, making it ready for implementation as a measure of adaptive leadership among principals in Indonesia.">
Laporkan Masalah

Pengembangan Skala Kepemimpinan Adaptif bagi Kepala Sekolah (SKA-14) dengan Pendekatan Bayesian CFA

Mohammad Yasfi Kandias, Dr. rer. pol. Bhina Patria, S.Psi., M.A.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Perubahan kebijakan pendidikan yang cepat menuntut kepala sekolah memiliki kepemimpinan adaptif. Namun demikian, instrumen yang tersedia masih didominasi konteks korporasi dan belum tervalidasi untuk kepala sekolah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menguji kualitas psikometrik Skala Kepemimpinan Adaptif bagi Kepala Sekolah (SKA-14) pada 184 kepala sekolah jenjang SD/MI hingga SMA/MA yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Hasil analisis validitas isi menunjukkan nilai Aiken's V = 0,81–0,92 (rerata = 0,86). Hasil Bayesian CFA multifaktor misfit, nemun demikian model estimasi setiap faktor memiliki kecocokan yang fit setelah pemurnian aitem, menghasilkan 14 aitem pada empat faktor dengan factor loading terstandar > 0,40 dan skor PPP = 0,362, 0,442, 0,167, dan 0,347, dengan sensitivitas prior moderat, serta didukung konvergensi MCMC yang memadai (Traceplot = baik, Acf Plot = baik, PSRF = 1,00, Pairsplot = baik, dan ESS > 30.000). SKA-14 terbukti memiliki validitas asosiasi (konvergen) yang baik dengan Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (? = 0,723, p < 0>? = 0,878. Instrumen ini dilengkapi panduan skoring, sehingga siap diimplementasikan sebagai alat ukur kepemimpinan adaptif kepala sekolah di Indonesia. 

Rapid changes in educational policy require school principals to demonstrate adaptive leadership. However, existing instruments are predominantly developed within corporate contexts and have not been validated for school principals in Indonesia. This study aimed to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Adaptive Leadership Scale for Principals (SKA-14) among 184 principals from elementary (SD/MI) to senior secondary (SMA/MA) schools selected through purposive sampling. Content validity analysis indicated Aiken’s V coefficients ranging from 0.81 to 0.92 (mean = 0.86). The results of multifactor Bayesian CFA showed misfit result, however the single-factor model for each dimension achieved acceptable model fit following item purification, resulting in the SKA-14 consisting of 14 items across four factors with standardized factor loadings > 0.40; PPP = 0.362, 0.442, 0.167 and 0.347 with moderate prior sensitivity. The model was further supported by MCMC convergence indicators (trace plots = satisfactory, ACF plots = satisfactory, PSRF = 1.00, pairs plots = satisfactory, and ESS > 30,000). The SKA-14 demonstrated good convergent validity with the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (? = 0.723, p < 0 lang="EN-ID" xss=removed>? = 0.878). The instrument has been supplemented with scoring guidelines and score categorization, making it ready for implementation as a measure of adaptive leadership among principals in Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : Pengembangan skala, Kepemimpinan adaptif, Bayesian CFA, Konvergensi MCMC.

  1. S2-2026-545963-title.pdf