Pengaruh Strategi Kontrol pada Sistem Multi-Infeed Voltage Source Converter (VSC) HVDC
Siti Rahmah Wati, Ir. Roni Irnawan, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D., SMIEEE. ; Dr. Ir. M. Isnaeni BS, M.T.
2026 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Elektro
Peningkatan penetrasi energi terbarukan mendorong pemanfaatan teknologi Voltage Source Converter High Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) berbasis Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) sebagai solusi transmisi daya yang fleksibel dan efisien. Seiring berkembangnya konfigurasi Multi-Infeed VSC-HVDC, muncul berbagai tantangan yang berkaitan dengan interaksi antar-konverter dan koordinasi strategi kontrol, yang dapat memengaruhi respons serta stabilitas sistem. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh strategi kontrol daya reaktif, variasi jarak antar titik interkoneksi HVDC, dan variasi daya aktif yang ditransmisikan terhadap respons daya aktif (P), daya reaktif (Q), tegangan AC pada Point of Common Coupling (Vac), dan tegangan DC-link (Vdc) pada sistem Multi-Infeed VSC-HVDC berbasis MMC saat terjadi gangguan short circuit pada jaringan AC. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan DIgSILENT PowerFactory dengan sembilan kombinasi strategi kontrol daya reaktif, variasi jarak interkoneksi HVDC 40–170 km, dan variasi daya aktif 65–300 MW.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi kontrol daya reaktif berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kestabilan sistem, di mana kombinasi asimetris yang melibatkan kontrol tegangan AC yaitu VAC-Q, VAC-PF, Q-VAC, dan PF-VAC menyebabkan ketidakstabilan yang dapat diatasi melalui penyetelan ulang parameter kontroler PI. Variasi jarak interkoneksi dan variasi daya aktif tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kestabilan sistem, meskipun variasi daya aktif memberikan pengaruh yang lebih nyata terhadap karakteristik transien daya aktif. Kombinasi VAC-VAC, Q-Q, PF-PF, PF-Q, dan Q-PF direkomendasikan sebagai strategi kontrol optimal untuk meningkatkan keandalan dan stabilitas sistem Multi-Infeed VSC-HVDC berbasis MMC.
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources has accelerated the adoption of Voltage Source Converter High Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) technology based on Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) as a flexible and efficient solution for long-distance power transmission. As the configuration of Multi-Infeed VSC-HVDC systems becomes more complex, various challenges arise due to inter-converter interactions and control strategy coordination, which may affect system dynamic performance and stability. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of reactive power control strategies, variations in the distance between HVDC interconnection points, and variations in transmitted active power on the active power (P), reactive power (Q), AC voltage at the Point of Common Coupling (Vac), and DC-link voltage (Vdc) of an MMC-based Multi-Infeed VSC-HVDC system under short-circuit fault conditions in the AC grid. Simulations were conducted using DIgSILENT PowerFactory, considering nine combinations of reactive power control strategies, HVDC interconnection distances of 40 km to 170 km, and transmitted active power levels from 65 MW to 300 MW.
The research results show that reactive power control strategies have a significant effect on system stability, where asymmetric combinations involving AC voltage control namely VAC-Q, VAC-PF, Q-VAC, and PF-VAC causes instability that can be mitigated by retuning the parameters of the PI controller. Variations in interconnection distance and active power do not have a significant effect on system stability, although variations in active power do have a more pronounced effect on active power transient characteristics. The combinations VAC-VAC, Q-Q, PF-PF, PF-Q, and Q-PF are recommended as optimal control strategies to improve the reliability and stability of the MMC-based Multi-Infeed VSC-HVDC system.
Kata Kunci : VSC-HVDC, MMC, multi-infeed, strategi kontrol daya reaktif, kestabilan tegangan
