Makna Sosial Jalur Pedestrian: Analisis Pengalaman Pengguna di Kawasan PInggiran Kota Jakarta

FATIMAH, Nurhadi, S.Sos., M.Si., Ph.D.

2026 | Tesis | S2 PEMBANGUNAN SOSIAL DAN KESEJAHTERAAN

Jalur pedestrian di kawasan pinggiran Jakarta secara normatif dirancang sebagai ruang aman bagi pejalan kaki, namun kondisi lapangan menunjukkan maraknya okupasi pedagang kaki lima dan invasi kendaraan bermotor yang memicu konflik berkepanjangan, khususnya di koridor Jalan Raya Bogor segmen Kramat Jati, Pasar Rebo, dan Ciracas. Kajian terdahulu masih didominasi pendekatan kuantitatif teknis sehingga pengalaman hidup pengguna kurang tereksplorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami makna sosial jalur pedestrian dan pengalaman pengguna dalam mengakses ruang tersebut melalui Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis terhadap empat belas partisipan yang dipilih purposif. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi lima tema induk makna sosial, yaitu ruang utama pejalan kaki, ruang interaksi sosial, ruang konflik, ruang ketimpangan, dan ruang ekonomi informal, serta lima tema induk pengalaman pengguna menghadapi okupasi berjualan, invasi kendaraan, hambatan mobilitas, dan ketidakadilan akses. Dengan kerangka triad dialektis Lefebvre dan keadilan spasial Soja, penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa jalur pedestrian diproduksi secara kontradiktif sehingga direkomendasikan perbaikan infrastruktur dan penataan ekonomi informal berkeadilan.

Pedestrian pathways in Jakarta's peripheral areas are normatively designed as safe spaces for pedestrians; however, field conditions reveal widespread occupation by street vendors and the invasion of motor vehicles, which trigger prolonged conflict, particularly along the Jalan Raya Bogor corridor spanning the Kramat Jati, Pasar Rebo, and Ciracas segments. Previous studies have been dominated by technical-quantitative approaches, leaving users' lived experiences underexplored. This study aims to understand the social meaning of pedestrian pathways and users' experiences in accessing this space through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) involving fourteen purposively selected participants. The analysis identifies five superordinate themes of social meaning — namely, the pathway as the primary space for pedestrians, a space for social interaction, a space of conflict, a space of inequality, and a space of informal economy — as well as five superordinate themes of user experience in dealing with vendor occupation, vehicle invasion, mobility barriers, and access injustice. Drawing on Lefebvre's dialectical triad and Soja's spatial justice framework, the study concludes that pedestrian pathways are produced contradictorily, and therefore recommends infrastructure improvements and a just arrangement of the informal economy.

Kata Kunci : makna sosial, jalur pedestrian, pengalaman pengguna, keadilan spasial, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)