Analisis Faktor Lingkungan Sebagai Mediator Hubungan Karakteristik Individu terhadap Kejadian Obesitas pada Remaja di Kabupaten Karawang
erlena, Prof. Intansari Nurjannah, S.Kp., MN.Sc., Ph.D
2026 | Disertasi | S3 Kedokteran Umum
Obesitas remaja merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang meningkat secara global dan dipengaruhi oleh interaksi faktor genetik, perilaku psikososial dan lingkungan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis asosiasi variasi gen Uncouoling Protein 2 ( UCP2)-866G/A, fator perilaku, psikososial dan lingkungan terhadap kejadian obesitas pada remaja di Kabupaten Karawang, serta mengidentifikasi faktor dominan dan peran lingkungan sosial dalam model struktural. Penelitian ini menggunakan desai case control pada 200 remaja yang terdiri atas 100 kasus obesitas dan 100 kasus tida obesitas. Anlisis dilakuka menggunakan uji ivariat, regresi logistik bertahap, dan structural equation Model ( SEM). hasil menunjukan bahwa variasi gen UCP2 berhubungan signifikan dengan obesitas ( p=0,004) terutama pada model kodominan yaitu genotip CT memiliki risiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan CC ( OR=2,92; 95% CI; 1,50-5,67). Pola makan kurang baik , stress sedang- berat, aktivitas fisik ringan dan lingkungan sosial yang kurang baik juga berhubungan signifikan dengan obesitas.Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan kerangka kerja teoretis TIRFAO (Theory Integration Risk of Adolescent Obesity) yang menempatkan lingkungan sosial sebagai mediator utama dalam obesitas remaja. Disimpulkan bahwa intervensi obesitas remaja perlu menekankan pada manajemen stres dan pola makan.
Adolescent obesity is a global public health problem that is increasing globally and is influenced by the interaction of genetic, behavioral, psychosocial, and social environmental factors. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Uncoupling Protein 2 (UCP2) ?866G/A gene polymorphism, behavioral, psychosocial, and environmental factors on the incidence of obesity in adolescents in Karawang Regency, and to identify the dominant factors and the role of the social environment in the structural model. This study used a case-control design in 200 adolescents consisting of 100 obese cases and 100 nonobese cases. The analysis was performed using bivariate tests, stepwise logistic regression,
and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that the UCP2 gene polymorphism was significantly associated with obesity (p=0.004), especially in the codominant model, where the CT genotype had a higher risk compared to the CC genotype (OR=2.92; 95% CI: 1.50–5.67). Poor diet, moderate-severe stress, light physical activity, and poor social environment were also significantly associated with obesity (p<0 class="Apple-converted-space"> multivariate analysis, the factors that remained influential were UCP2 genetics (AOR=3.45), poor diet (AOR=3.76), moderate-severe stress (AOR=30.18), light physical activity (AOR=17.32), and poor environment (AOR=4.89), with stress as the most dominant factor. SEM analysis showed that the model explained 96.4% of the variation in obesity (R²=0.964), and the social environment played a mediator role. This study also produced a theoretical framework TIRFAO (Theory Integration Risk of Adolescent Obesity) which places the social environment as the main mediator in adolescent obesity. It was concluded that adolescent obesity interventions need to emphasize stress management, diet, physical activity, and strengthening the social environment
Kata Kunci : Genetik Uncoupling UCP; Lingkungan; Remaja; Obesitas