Kelayakan Finansial Usaha Tani Cabai Rawit di Kecamatan Dukun Kabupaten Magelang

Najib Farhan Al Wannuha, Prof. Dr. Jamhari, S.P., M.P.;Agus Dwi Nugroho, S.P., M.Sc., Ph.D.;Hariyani Dwi Anjani, S.P., M.Sc.

2026 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui kondisi kelayakan usaha tani cabai rawit, (2) mengetahui sensitivitas kelayakan terhadap perubahan tingkat produksi, harga output, dan harga input, serta (3) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keuntungan usaha tani cabai rawit di Kecamatan Dukun, Kabupaten Magelang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada September-Oktober 2025 menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, kuesioner, dan observasi terhadap 51 petani cabai rawit yang dipilih secara simple random sampling dari empat kelompok tani aktif. Analisis kelayakan meliputi biaya eksplisit dan implisit, penerimaan, pendapatan, keuntungan, R/C ratio, /C ratio, dan Break Even Point (BEP). Analisis sensitivitas menggunakan switching value, sedangkan faktor yang memengaruhi keuntungan dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata produksi sebesar 1.321,24 kg per usaha tani atau 5.151,45 kg/ha dengan harga jual Rp24.066/kg. Penerimaan sebesar Rp31.796.961,84 per usaha tani dan total biaya Rp23.609.800,24 menghasilkan keuntungan Rp8.187.161,60 per usaha tani atau Rp31.921.050,23/ha. Nilai R/C sebesar 1,35 dan /C sebesar 0,35, serta penerimaan, produksi, dan harga aktual lebih tinggi dari masing-masing nilai BEP. Usaha tani tetap layak hingga penurunan produksi 65%, penurunan harga output 26%, kenaikan harga pupuk kandang 130%, dan kenaikan upah tenaga kerja 44%. Perubahan simultan sebesar 5% pada keempat faktor tersebut menyebabkan usaha tani tidak layak. Hasil regresi menunjukkan harga bahan tanam, harga pupuk kandang, dan upah tenaga kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap keuntungan, sedangkan produksi dan pengalaman usaha tani berpengaruh positif.

This research aims to: (1) determine the financial feasibility of cayenne chilli farming, (2) assess the sensitivity of feasibility to changes in production, output price, and input prices, and (3) identify factors affecting farming profit in Dukun Sub-district, Magelang Regency. The research was conducted in September-October 2025 using a descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Primary data were obtained through interviews, questionnaires, and observation of 51 cayenne chilli farmers selected by simple random sampling from four active farmer groups. Feasibility was assessed using revenue, explicit and implicit costs, income, profit, R/C ratio, pi/C ratio, and Break Even Point (BEP). Switching value analysis was used to assess sensitivity, while multiple linear regression using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was used to identify factors affecting profit. The results showed average production of 1,321.24 kg per farm and 5,151.45 kg/ha, with an average selling price of Rp24,066/kg. Revenue reached Rp31,796,961.84 per farm and total cost Rp23,609,800.24, resulting in profit of Rp8,187,161.60 per farm or Rp31,921,050.23/ha. The R/C ratio was 1.35 and the /C ratio was 0.35, while actual revenue, production, and price were above their respective BEP values. The farm remained feasible up to a 65?crease in production, 26?crease in output price, 130% increase in manure price, and 44% increase in labor wages. Simultaneous 5?verse changes in production, output price, and the two input prices made the farm infeasible. Regression results showed that seed price, manure price, and labor wages negatively affected profit, while production and farming experience had positive effects.

Kata Kunci : cabai rawit, kelayakan finansial, usaha tani, sensitivitas, keuntungan