Pengaruh pemberian kualitas konsentrat yang berbeda terhadap kinerja produksi Sapi Peranakan Ongole Jantan
SUPRIYANA, Ujang, Prof.Dr.Ir. Nono Ngadiyono, MS
2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu PeternakanProduksi optimal pada usaha penggemukkan sapi PO jantan dibutuhkan pakan kualitas lebih baik. Pakan kualitas lebih baik berpengaruh terhadap kinerja produksi sapi PO jantan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek kualitas konsentrat terhadap kinerja produksi sapi PO jantan. Sepuluh ekor sapi, umur berkisar antara 1,5-2 tahun dengan bobot badan awal 253,10 ±12,34 kg dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol (T0) dan perlakuan (T1), masingmasing perlakuan terdiri dari lima ekor ternak sapi. Sapi dipelihara selama tiga bulan pada kandang individu, diberi pakan rumput Gajah dan konsentrat berbeda (20%:80%). Pada akhir penelitian enam ekor sapi dipotong, masing-masing perlakuan tiga ekor. Variabel yang diamati adalah pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), konsumsi pakan {bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), protein kasar (PK), serat kasar (SK) dan Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN)}, konversi pakan, kecernaan pakan (BK, BO, PK, dan SK), urea darah, NH3 cairan rumen, persentase karkas, komponen karkas, komposisi kimia otot Longissimus dorsi (LD) dan Biceps femoris (BF) (air, lemak, protein dan abu), karakteristik fisik otot LD dan BF (warna, pH, daya ikat air, susut masak dan keempukan), Feed cost per gain, dan Income over feed cost (IOFC). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pakan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kecernaan SK T0 (2,2%) vs T1 (4,5%), lemak karkas T0 (7,9%) vs T1 (11,0%), lemak otot BF T0 (0,8%) vs T1 (1,6%), keempukan otot LD T0 (5,9 kg/cm2) vs T1 (4,6 kg/cm2) dan BF T0 (7,0 kg/cm2) vs T1 (5,9 kg/cm2). PBBH T0 (0,93 kg/ekor/hari) vs T1 (0,87 kg/ekor/hari), konsumsi pakan {BK T0 (6,6 kg) vs T1 (6,4 kg), BO T0 (5,6 kg) vs T1 (5,5 kg), PK T0 (0,7 kg) vs T1 (0,8 kg), SK T0 (1,6 kg) vs T1 (1,6 kg) dan TDN T0 (4,3 kg) vs T1 (4,2 kg)}, konversi pakan T0 (11,7) vs T1 (12,0), kecernaan pakan {BK T0 (40,6%) vs T1 (43,8%), BO T0 (46,3%) vs T1 (51,3%) dan PK T0 (40,0%) vs T1 (46,1%)}, urea darah T0 (27,5 mg/dl) vs T1 (26,9 mg/dl), NH3 cairan rumen T0 (8,3 mg/100ml) vs T1 (8,2 mg/100 ml), persentase karkas T0 (49,6%) vs T1 (50,7%), tulang T0 (24,2%) vs T1 (22,4%), daging T0 (67,9%) vs T1 (65,4%), komposisi kimia otot LD {air T0 (74,3%) vs T1 (73,5%), protein T0 (21,8%) vs T1 (22,2%), lemak T0 (1,1%) vs T1 (1,4%) dan abu T0 (1,0%) vs T1 (1,1%)}, komposisi kimia otot BF {air T0 (73,7%) vs T1 (73,0%), protein T0 (22,4%) vs T1 (22,3%), dan abu T0 (1,0%) vs T1 (1,0%)}, karakteristik fisik otot LD {warna T0 (5,7) vs T1 (5,7), pH T0 (5,9) vs T1 (5,9), daya ikat air T0 (26%) vs T1 (28,7%) dan susut masak T0 (41,9) vs T1 (40,4)}dan karakteristik fisik otot BF {warna T0 (6,0) vs T1 (6,7), pH T0 (5,9) vs T1 (5,9), daya ikat air T0 (36,6%) vs T1 (37,6%) dan susut masak T0 (41,1%) vs T1 (40,3%)} tidak berbeda nyata. Feed cost per gain T0 (Rp. 15.053) lebih rendah daripada T1 (Rp. 16.482) dan Income over feed cost T0 (Rp. 4.692) lebih besar daripada T1 (Rp. 3.886). Perlakuan pakan T1 lebih baik daripada perlakuan pakan T0 ditinjau dari variabel kecernaan SK, lemak karkas, lemak otot BF, keempukan otot LD dan BF. Secara ekonomis pakan T0 pada sapi PO lebih efisien dari pada pakan T1 dilihat dari biaya Feed cost per gain dan Income over feed cost.
The optimality of feedlot male Ongole Crossbred cattle the best of feeding quality. The performances of male Ongole Crossbred cattle was influenced by feeding quality. The study was conducted to investigate the effect on performances of male ongole crossbred cattle offered by concentrate with different quality. Ten male Ongole Crossbred cattles of 1.5-2 years old at about 253.10 ±12.34 kg of early body weight, they were divided two treatments, each consisted of five cattles. They were grown in individual pens for three months and fed elephand grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and various concentrate (20%:80%). At the end of growing period, six cattles were slaughtered, each consisted of three cattles. Variable of obtained were average daily gain, feed consumption {dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF) and total digestible nutrients (TDN)}, feed conversion ratio, feed digestible (DM, OM, CP, and CF), blood urea, NH3 of ruminal liquid, percentage of carcass, component of carcass, meat bone ratio, chemical composition (water, protein, fat and ash) and physical characteristics (color, pH, water-holding capacity, cooking loss and tenderness) of Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris muscles, feed cost per gain, and income over feed cost were tested by t-test. The results indicated that the concentrate various gave significant differences (P<0.05) on crude fibre digestible T0 (2.2%) vs T1 (4.5%), fat of carcass T0 (7.9%) vs T1 (11.0%), fat of Biceps femoris muscle T0 (0,8%) vs T1 (1,6%), tenderness of Longissimus dorsi T0 (5.9 kg/cm2) vs T1 (4.6 kg/cm2) and Biceps femoris muscles T0 (7.0 kg/cm2) vs T1 (5.9 kg/cm2). It gave no significant differences on average daily gain T0 (0,93 kg/head/day) vs T1 (0,87 kg/head/day), feed consumption {DM T0 (6.6 kg) vs T1 (6.4 kg), OM T0 (5.6 kg) vs T1 (5.5 kg), CP T0 (0.7 kg) vs T1 (0.8 kg), CF T0 (1.6 kg) vs T1 (1.6 kg) and TDN T0 (4.3 kg) vs T1 (4.2 kg)}, feed convertion ratio T0 (11.7) vs T1 (12.0), feed digestible {DM T0 (40.6%) vs T1 (43.8%), OM T0 (46.3%) vs T1 (51.3%) and CP T0 (40.0%) vs T1 (46.1%)}, blood urea T0 (27.5 mg/dl) vs T1 (26.9 mg/dl), NH3 of ruminal liquid T0 (8.3 mg/100 ml) vs T1 (8.2 mg/100 ml), percentage of carcass T0 (49.6%) vs T1 (50.7%), bone T0 (24.2%) vs T1 (22.4%), meat T0 (67.9%) vs T1 (65.4%), chemical composition {water T0 (74.3%) vs T1 (73.5%) , protein T0 (21.8%) vs T1 (22.2%), fat T0 (1.1%) vs T1 (1.4%) and ash T0 (1.0%) vs T1 (1.1%)} of Longissimus dorsi and chemical composition {water T0 (73.7%) vs T1 (73.0%), protein T0 (22.4%) vs T1 (22.3%), and ash T0 (1.0%) vs T1 1.0%)} of Biceps femoris and physical characteristics {color T0 (5.7) vs T1 (5.7), pH T0 (5.9) vs T1 (5.9), water-holding capacity T0 (26%) vs T1 (28.7%) and cooking loss T0 (41.9%) vs T1 (40.4%)} of Longissimus dorsi muscles and physical characteristics {color T0 (6,0) vs T1 (6,7), pH T0 (5,9) vs T1 (5.9), water-holding capasity T0 (36.6%) vs T1 (37.6%) and cooking loss T0 (41.1%) vs T1 (40.3%)} of Biceps femoris muscles. Feed cost per gain T0 (Rp. 15,053) lowest than treatment T1 (Rp. 16,482) and income over feed cost of control T0 (Rp. 4,692) the best than treatment T1 (Rp. 3,886). The best crude fibre digestible, fat of carcass, fat of Biceps femoris and tenderness of Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris of treatment (T1) than T0. The Ongole crossbred cattle had the economically of feed cost per gain and income feed cost were more efficient of T0 than T1.
Kata Kunci : Pakan Sapi Peranakan Ongole, Konsentrat, Kinerja Produksi, Concentrate Quality, Performance, Male Ongole Crossbred Cattle).
