Kajian Fisiologis dan Hasil Kelapa 'Dalam Tenga' (Cocos Nucifera. L) Pada Daerah Pesisir dan Perbukitan di D.I.Yogyakarta

Novita Fitriyana, Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani, S.P., M.Sc., Ph.D

2026 | Skripsi | AGRONOMI

Kelapa Dalam (Cocos nucifera L.) merupakan salah satu kultivar unggul yang banyak dibudidayakan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) karena kemampuan adaptasinya yang tinggi terhadap kondisi agroekologi setempat, mulai dari dataran rendah pesisir hingga wilayah perbukitan. Perbedaan karakteristik iklim, tanah, dan topografi antara kedua agroekosistem tersebut berperan penting dalam membentuk respons fisiologis serta performa hasil tanaman kelapa secara spesifik lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor fisiologis Kelapa Dalam Tenga dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil tanaman yang dibudidayakan di daerah pesisir dan perbukitan DIY. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2025 – Februari 2026 di dua lokasi penghasil kelapa di DIY, yaitu Srandakan, Bantul yang mewakili daerah Pesisir dan Hargowilis, Kokap yang mewakili daerah Perbukitan. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik purposive sampling, meliputi pengamatan karakteristik lingkungan, sifat kimia tanah, status hara daun, faktor fisiologis, serta komponen hasil tanaman. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji-T Independent pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan kondisi lingkungan menghasilkan respons fisiologis yang berbeda, tercermin dari kandungan prolin dan densitas stomata Peningkatan klorofil, unsur hara tanah, serta iklim mikro seperti lama penyinaran, temperatur, curah hujan, dan kecepatan angin dapat meningkatkan performa dan hasil tanaman meliputi diameter batang, jumlah tandan per pohon, jumlah buah per pohon, jumlah pelepah, bobot buah dan ketebalan daging buah, baik muda maupun tua dengan hasil Daerah Pesisir yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan Perbukitan.

Tall Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is one of the superior cultivars widely cultivated in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) due to its high adaptability to local agroecological conditions, ranging from coastal lowlands to hilly regions. The differences in climatic characteristics, soil, and topography between these two agroecosystems play an important role in shaping the physiological responses and yield performance of coconut plants in a site-specific manner. This study aimed to examine the physiological factors of Tall Coconut cv. Tenga and their influence on plant yield when cultivated in coastal and hilly areas of DIY. The research was conducted from November 2025 to February 2026 in two coconut-producing locations in DIY, namely Srandakan, Bantul, representing the coastal area, and Hargowilis, Kokap, representing the hilly area. The study employed a survey method with a purposive sampling technique, encompassing observations of environmental characteristics, soil chemical properties, leaf nutrient status, physiological factors, and yield components. Data were analyzed using an Independent Samples T-Test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that differences in environmental conditions produced different physiological responses, as reflected in proline content and stomatal density. Increases in chlorophyll content, soil nutrients, and microclimatic factors such as sunshine duration, temperature, rainfall, and wind speed were able to improve plant performance and yield, including stem diameter, number of bunches per tree, number of fruits per tree, number of fronds, fruit weight, and both young and mature flesh (mesocarp) thickness, with the coastal area showing higher results compared to the hilly area.

Kata Kunci : Fisiologis, karakteristik, Kelapa Dalam, pesisir, perbukitan