PENGARUH SERBUK KUNIR PUTIH (Curcuma mangga Val.) PER ORAL TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKROANATOMI REN DAN JUMLAH ERITROSIT DARAH MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) JANTAN

Ani Susilowati, Dra. Susilo Handari Suntoro, S.U.

2003 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

INTISARI Kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian di banyak negara berkembang. Tingkat kematian yang tinggi dan pengobatan yang mahal merupakan salah satu alasan menggunakan obat tradisional. Kunir putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) cukup dikenal masyarakat sebagai pencegah dan untuk mengobati penyakit kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari struktur mikroanatomi ren dan jumlah eritrosit darah mencit (Mus musculus L.) jantan setelah diberi perlakuan serbuk kunir putih per oral. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor mencit jantan terbagi dalam empat kelompok: kelompok kontrol, perlakuan I (0,1 mg/g bm), perlakuan II (0,3 mg/g bm), dan perlakuan III (0,5 mg/g bm). Pemberian dilakukan secara oral selama 35 hari. Sehari setelah perlakuan terakhir, darah diambil dan dihitung jumlah eritrositnya menggunakan hemositometer. Jumlah eritrosit dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA dan LSD (Least Significant Difference test) untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara kontrol dan perlakuan. Setelah diambil darahnya, mencit dikorbankan dan diambil ginjalnya, kemudian diproses dengan metode parafin. Fiksasi menggunakan larutan Bouin dan pewarnaan Hematoxylin Ehrlich – Eosin. Struktur mikroanatomi ren diamati dan dibandingkan antara kontrol dan perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian serbuk kunir putih pada dosis 0,1 mg/g bm, 0,3 mg/g bm, dan 0,5 mg/g bm selama 35 hari dapat menyebabkan perubahan struktur mikroanatomi ren dan menurunkan jumlah eritrosit darah mencit. Perubahan struktur mikroanatomi ren pada perlakuan dosis 0,1 mg/g bm berupa pembengkakan dan degenerasi hidrofik; dosis 0,3 mg/g bm berupa pembengkakan, degenerasi hidrofik, degenerasi lipid, piknotik, karioreksis; dan dosis 0,5 mg/g bm berupa pembengkakan, degenerasi hidrofik, degenerasi lipid, piknotik, karioreksis, dan kariolisis. Jumlah eritrosit pada perlakuan dosis 0,1 mg/g bm, 0,3 mg/g bm, dan 0,5 mg/g bm berturut-turut sebesar 6,44 juta/mm³; 5,73 juta/mm³; dan 5,038 juta/mm³. Kata kunci: kunir putih, mencit, ren, jumlah eritrosit

ABSTRACT The Influence of Kunir Putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) Powder Orally on the Microanatomy Structure of Kidney and Amount of Red Blood Cells in Male Mice (Mus musculus L.)** High rate of death caused by cancer and expensive cost of cancer medicine are the reasons why cancer victims choose traditional medicine. One of the traditional medicines commonly used is Curcuma mangga Val. The purpose of this research is to study the microanatomy structure of kidney and amount of red blood cells in male mice (Mus musculus L.) after treated with Curcuma mangga Val. powder orally. The research was carried out using 20 mice that were divided into four groups. Each group consisted of five mice. One group was used as a control, while group I, II, and III were given 0,1 mg/g bm, 0,3 mg/g bm, and 0,5 mg/g bm orally. One day after the last treatment, blood samples were taken. The number of erythrocytes was counted by haemocytometer. ANAVA was used to know the difference among treatments and continued by LSD (Least Significant Difference test) to locate the difference. After blood was taken, mice were sacrificed, the kidney was dissected out and processed for histological preparation by paraffin method, Bouin fixation, and stained with Hematoxylin Ehrlich – Eosin. The structure of kidney was observed and compared with control. Observation was concentrated on glomerulus and renal tubules. The result of this study indicated that 35 days after treatment with Curcuma mangga Val. powder at dosages of 0,1 mg/g bm, 0,3 mg/g bm, and 0,5 mg/g bm to male mice caused changes in histological structure of kidney and reduced the amount of red blood cells. This research shows degeneration and necrosis in kidney cells: at dosage 0,1 mg/g bm cloudy swelling and hydropic degeneration; at dosage 0,3 mg/g bm cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, lipid degeneration, pycnotic, karyorrhexis; and at dosage 0,5 mg/g bm cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, lipid degeneration, pycnotic, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis. Amount of red blood cells at dosage 0,1 mg/g bm, 0,3 mg/g bm, and 0,5 mg/g bm were 6,44 million/mm³; 5,73 million/mm³; and 5,038 million/mm³. Keywords: Curcuma mangga Val., mice, kidney, red blood cell

Kata Kunci : kunir putih, mencit, ren, jumlah eritrosit