Analisis Spasial Tempat Perkembangbiakan Vektor Dengan Kejadian Infeksi Dengue di Kelurahan Sukorejo Kecamatan Wedi Kabupaten Klaten

Wihamara Elvando Swastara, Prof. dr. Tri Baskoro T. Satoto, M.Sc., Ph.D, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, S.Si., M.Kes., Ph.D

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Tropis

Latar belakang : Kelurahan Sukorejo merupakan wilayah dengan kasus infeksi dengue tertinggi di Kecamatan Wedi, Kabupaten Klaten, yaitu sebanyak 10 kasus pada tahun 2025. Penularan dengue memiliki hubungan dengan keberadaan tempat perkembangbiakan vektor, kondisi lingkungan fisik, faktor iklim, serta pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis status entomologi, distribusi spasial tempat perkembangbiakan vektor, hubungan faktor lingkungan fisik dan faktor iklim dengan kejadian infeksi Dengue, serta gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik masyarakat dalam pencegahan infeksi dengue di Kelurahan Sukorejo. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional melalui pendekatan Cross Sectional. Analisis data spasial dilakukan menggunakan GIS dan metode Nearest Neighbour Index (NNI). Hasil : Pola penyebaran kasus infeksi dengue di Kelurahan Sukorejo bersifat mengelompok. Berdasarkan hasil rearing, spesies nyamuk yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Ae. aegypti dan lebih dominan ditemukan di dalam rumah. Nilai HI 41%, CI 12,64%, dan BI 54%, Hasil analisis Maya Index menunjukkan 74% wilayah termasuk kategori risiko rendah. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa suhu udara dan keberadaan ventilasi berkawat kasa berhubungan signifikan dengan keberadaan jentik Ae. aegypti, sedangkan intensitas cahaya, kelembapan, jenis lantai, dan jenis dinding tidak berhubungan signifikan. Mayoritas masyarakat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pencegahan infeksi dengue yang baik. Selain itu, kelembapan udara berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian infeksi Dengue di Kabupaten Klaten pada lag 1 dan lag 2. Kesimpulan : Pola penyebaran kasus infeksi dengue di Kelurahan Sukorejo bersifat mengelompok. Ae. argypti paling dominan ditemukan di dalam rumah dengan nilai HI dan BI termasuk kategori kepadatan tinggi. Sebagian besar wilayah memiliki Maya Index kategori rendah. Terdapat hubungan antara suhu udara dan ventilasi berkasa dengan keberadaan jentik Ae. aegypti. masyarakat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pencegahan infeksi dengue yang baik. Kelembapan udara memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap kejadian infeksi dengue.

Background: Sukorejo Village had the highest number of dengue infection cases in Wedi District, Klaten Regency, with 10 reported cases in 2025. Dengue transmission is influenced by the presence of mosquito breeding place, physical environmental conditions, climatic factors, and the community's knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). This study aimed to analyze the entomological status, spatial distribution of Ae. aegypti breeding sites, the association between physical environmental factors and climatic factors with dengue infection, and the community's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding dengue prevention in Sukorejo Village. Methods: This observational study employed a cross-sectional design. Spatial data analysis was conducted using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Nearest Neighbour Index (NNI) method. Results: The spatial distribution of dengue infection cases in Sukorejo Village showed a clustered pattern. Based on the rearing results, Ae. aegypti was the predominant mosquito species and was more frequently found indoors. The House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), and Breteau Index (BI) were 41%, 12.64%, and 54%, respectively. The Maya Index analysis indicated that 74% of the study area was classified as low risk. Bivariate analysis revealed that air temperature and the presence of screened ventilation were significantly associated with the presence of Ae. aegypti larvae, whereas light intensity, humidity, floor type, and wall type were not significantly associated. Most respondents demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices regarding dengue prevention. In addition, air humidity was significantly associated with dengue infection in Klaten Regency at lag 1 and lag 2. Conclusion: The spatial distribution of dengue infection cases in Sukorejo Village was clustered. Ae. aegypti was the predominant mosquito species and was mainly found indoors. The HI and BI values indicated a high larval density, while most of the study area was classified as low risk based on the Maya Index. Air temperature and screened ventilation were significantly associated with the presence of Ae. aegypti larvae. The community demonstrated good knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding dengue prevention. Furthermore, air humidity was significantly associated with dengue infection.

Kata Kunci : Infeksi Dengue, Spasial, Indeks Entomologi, Lingkungan Fisik, Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktik