Strategi Kolaborasi Multi-Stakeholder dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Kabupaten Sleman

Dias Oktri Raka Setiadi, Prof. Dr. Rini Rachmawati, S.Si., M.T.; Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Sleman melibatkan beragam unsur stakeholder, namun penyelenggaraan pengelolaan sampah masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan, (1) menganalisis peran stakeholder dalam penyelenggaraan pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Sleman; (2) memetakan permasalahan yang dihadapi terkait dengan kolaborasi stakeholder dalam penyelenggaraan pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Sleman; dan (3) merumuskan strategi kolaborasi multi-stakeholder yang dapat dikembangkan untuk mewujudkan penyelenggaraan pengelolaan sampah yang partisipatif, efektif, dan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Sleman. Pendekatan mixed methods dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, kuesioner, observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis meliputi analisis pengaruh-kepentingan, analisis jaringan sosial, analisis driving force-pressure-state-impact-response, serta analytical hierarchy process. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan stakeholder pengelolaan sampah terbagi menjadi kelompok key players (DLH Sleman, UPTD Pelayanan Persampahan, TPS 3R KSM, TPS 3R BUMKal, bank sampah, JPSM Sehati, Asosiasi TPS 3R Resep, dan Satgas Sampah), subjects (PJPS, pengepul, penyedia mesin atau teknologi, dan TPS 3R Kalurahan), context setters (offtaker RDF, LSM fokus kelembagaan, dan akademisi), dan crowd (LSM fokus teknis pengelolaan sampah). DLH Sleman menjadi stakeholder paling dominan dan paling terhubung dalam jaringan. Permasalahan utama kolaborasi meliputi lemahnya tata kelola kolaborasi, ketimpangan kapasitas dan orientasi antar stakeholder, lemahnya sistem data dan informasi sebagai dasar kolaborasi, serta ketidaksiapan transisi menuju desentralisasi pengelolaan sampah. Strategi yang menjadi prioritas utama adalah penguatan sinergi dan kelembagaan kolaboratif, diikuti penguatan sistem pengelolaan sampah berbasis kawasan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat, penguatan sistem regulasi dan pengawasan, serta pengembangan skema insentif dan disinsentif.

Waste management in Sleman Regency involves a variety of stakeholder, however the implementation of waste management still faces various challenges. This study aims to: (1) analyze the roles of stakeholders; (2) to map the challenges faced regarding stakeholder collaboration; and (3) to formulate multi-stakeholder collaboration strategies that can be developed to achieve participatory, effective, and sustainable waste management in Sleman Regency. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, questionnaires, field observations, and document analysis. The analytical techniques used included power-interest analysis; social network analysis; driving force, pressure, state, impact, response analysis; and the analytical hierarchy process. The findings, stakeholders in waste management are divided into groups of key players (DLH Sleman, UPTD Pelayanan Persampahan, TPS 3R KSM, TPS 3R BUMKal, waste banks, JPSM Sehati, Asosiasi TPS 3R Resep, and Satgas Sampah), subjects (PJPS, waste collectors, machine or technology providers, and the TPS 3R Kalurahan), context setters (RDF off-takers, NGOs focusing on institutional issues, and academics), and the public (NGOs focusing on the technical aspects). DLH Sleman is the most dominant and most connected stakeholder in the network. The main challenges to collaboration include weak collaborative governance, disparities in capacity and orientation among stakeholders, weak data and information system as the foundation for collaboration, and a lack of readiness for the transition to decentralized waste management. The key priority strategies are to strengthen synergies and collaborative institutions, followed by strengthening area-based waste management systems and community empowerment, strengthening regulatory and oversight systems, and developing incentive and disincentive schemes.

Kata Kunci : strategi kolaborasi, multi-stakeholder, pengelolaan sampah, Kabupaten Sleman