Tinjauan penggunaan Cooper Slag sebagai pengganti agregat halus terhadap karakteristik mekanis pada campuran beton aspal

DJALANTE, Susanti, Dr.Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, M.Sc

2005 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Perkembangan teknologi bahan saat ini telah mendorong banyak penelitian untuk mencoba menggunakan material alternative sebagai komponen dalam campuran beton aspal. Cooper slag sebagai limbah hasil residu pengolahan tembaga dipandang potensial untuk digunakan sebagai material alternative pengganti agregat halus pada bahan lapis perkerasaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengganti agregat halus (lolos saringan # 8 dan tertahan # 200) melalui penyetaran volume. Variasi yang digunakan dengan perbandingan agregat biasa : cooper slag, yaitu (100%:0%), (75%:25%), (50%:50%), (25%:75%) dan (0%:100%). Kadar aspal optimum dari masingmasing variasi benda uji diperoleh dengan Metode Marshall. Dengan kadar aspal optimum ini selanjutnya dibuat benda uji dan dilakukan pengujian Marshall dan Indirect Tensile Strength. Pengujian dilakukan pada dua kondisi, yaitu kondisi kering dan perendaman (24 jam, 60°C ). Pengujian Marshall dan Indirect Tensile Strength yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi penggunaan cooper slag berdasarkan nilai stabilitas, indeks kekuatan sisa dan kuat tarik campuran beton aspal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar aspal optimum benda uji variasi cooper slag 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% adalah 6,25%; 5,55%; 5,5%; 5,4% dan 5,35%. Pada perendaman standar (kondisi kering) variasi cooper slag 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% diperoleh nilai stabilitas masing-masing adalah 1333 kg, 1361 kg, 1369 kg, 1232 kg dan 1024 kg sedangkan nilai indeks kekuatan sisa adalah 94,9%; 95,2%; 97,7%; 98,1% dan 98,6%. Hasil pengujian Indirect Tensile Strength menunjukkan kuat tarik cooper slag lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan agregat biasa pada kadar 50%, setelah dilakukan perendaman selama ½ jam dan 24 jam. Nilai Indirect Tensile Strength pada perendaman ½ jam untuk masingmasing cooper slag sebesar 2225 kPa, 2256 kPa, 2389 kPa, 2158 kPa, dan 1962 kPa sedangkan untuk perendaman 24 jam sebesar 2053 kPa, 2115 kPa, 2324 kPa, 2123 kPa dan 1947 kPa. Rasio dari penurunan kuat tarik cooper slag untuk masing-masing variasi adalah 93%, 94%, 97%, 98% dan 99%. Hasil nilai-nilai pengujian yang diperoleh menunjukkan penggunaan cooper slag pada kadar tertentu dapat menurunkan kadar aspal optimum, meningkatkan nilai stabilitas dan durabilitas serta meningkatkan kuat tarik dalam campuran beton aspal.

Development of technology has enables various researches on the use of alternative materials that can be used in asphalt mixes. Cooper slag, obtained from the residual of cooper refinery processes is considered in this thesis as a potential alternative material to substitute fine aggregate materials in the mixture. This research was conducted by substituting the fine aggregate (passing # 8 and retained # 200) component with the cooper slag and by applying volumetric similarly. The variation of the mixture were depended on the ratio of conventional aggregate to cooper slag, id est (100%:0%), (75%:25%), (50%:50%), (25%:75%) dan (0%:100%). The optimum asphalt content of each variation was determined with Marshall Method. Based on this optimum asphalt content of each variation, the specimens were subsequently manufactured and tested with Marshall and Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) tests. These tests were performed in two conditioned, id est dry condition and immersed condition (24 hours, 60°C). The objectives of these tests were to understain the behaviour of utilizing cooper slag in the mixture in terms of stability values, retained strength index and the tensile strength of the asphalt concrete mixture. Results of this study showed that the optimum asphalt content of substitution with cooper slag of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% were 6,25%; 5,55%; 5,5%; 5,4% and 5,35% respectively. On the dry condition, the stability values of each variation are found 1333 kg, 1361 kg, 1369 kg, 1232 kg and 1024 kg, whilst the retained values of 94,9%; 95,2%; 97,7%; 98,1% and 98,6% respectively. Similarly, the Indirect Tensile Strength used illustrated that utilizing cooper slag has generated 50% increase in the strength compared that of conventional fine aggregate. The results were obtained after ½ hours and 24 hours immersed treatment of the samples. The Indirect Tensile Strength values after the samples were immersed ½ hours 2225 kPa, 2256 kPa, 2389 kPa, 2158 kPa and 1962 kPa. Meanwhile for the 24 hours immersed, the results were 2053 kPa, 2115 kPa, 2324 kPa, 2123 kPa and 1947 kPa. It can be seen from this figure that Ratio of Tensile Strength reduction are 93%, 94%, 97%, 98% and 99%. In conclusion, results of the test clearly indicate that using cooper slag on certain proportion has enable reduction of optimum asphalt values, increase of stability and durability as well as tensile strength of asphalt mixes

Kata Kunci : Beton Aspal,Cooper Slag,Sifat Campuran