Eksplorasi Beban Kerja Petugas Gizi Puskesmas: Studi Kualitatif di Kabupaten Takalar

Awalia Nur Sakinah, Dr. Dra. Retna Siwi Padmawati, MA. ; Digna Niken Purwaningrum, S.Gz., MPH., Ph.D.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Pelaksanaan program dan layanan gizi di puskesmas berlangsung dalam konteks kerja yang kompleks dengan berbagai tuntutan administratif, programatik, dan koordinatif yang berpotensi meningkatkan beban kerja petugas gizi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pemaknaan beban kerja petugas gizi dalam pelaksanaan program dan layanan gizi di puskesmas Kabupaten Takalar. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Informan dipilih secara purposive, terdiri atas petugas gizi sebagai informan utama serta kepala puskesmas, bidan koordinator, dan Kepala Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat Dinas Kesehatan sebagai informan pendukung. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil: Beban kerja petugas gizi terbentuk dari interaksi antara sumber daya kerja dan tuntutan kerja. Ketersediaan tenaga, sarana prasarana, dukungan organisasi, pelatihan, dan insentif mendukung pelaksanaan tugas, namun belum sepenuhnya mengimbangi tingginya tuntutan program, luasnya cakupan sasaran dan wilayah, beban administrasi, serta kebutuhan koordinasi lintas program dan sektor. Petugas memaknai beban kerja sebagai kondisi kerja yang padat, berat, dan kompleks, tetapi tetap menerima kondisi tersebut sebagai bagian dari tanggung jawab profesional. Beban kerja tersebut berimplikasi pada penyesuaian mekanisme pelayanan, potensi penurunan optimalitas layanan, tekanan psikologis, serta perluasan waktu kerja petugas. Kesimpulan: Penguatan layanan gizi primer perlu difokuskan pada penataan sumber daya manusia, pengembangan kapasitas, penyederhanaan sistem pelaporan, serta dukungan organisasi yang lebih responsif terhadap kebutuhan petugas di lapangan.

Background: Nutrition programs and services at primary health centers operate within a complex work environment characterized by administrative, programmatic, and coordination demands that may increase the workload of nutrition personnel. Objective: This study aimed to explore how nutrition personnel perceive and experience their workload in implementing nutrition programs and services at primary health centers in Takalar Regency, Indonesia. Methods: A qualitative study with a case study approach was conducted. Participants were purposively selected and included nutrition personnel as the main informants, with primary health center heads, coordinating midwives, and the Head of the Community Health Division at the District Health Office serving as supporting informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The workload of nutrition personnel emerged from the interaction between job resources and job demands. While staffing, infrastructure, organizational support, training, and incentives facilitated service delivery, they were insufficient to offset the high demands associated with multiple nutrition programs, broad service coverage, administrative responsibilities, and cross-program and crosssector coordination. Participants perceived their workload as intensive, demanding, and complex, yet accepted it as part of their professional responsibility. The workload also resulted in service adjustments, potential reductions in service quality, psychological strain, and extended working hours. Conclusions: Strengthening primary nutrition services requires improved human resource management, capacity building, simplified reporting systems, and more responsive organizational support to better address the workload experienced by nutrition personnel.

Kata Kunci : workload; nutrition personnel; primary health center; primary healthcare; qualitative study.