Pengembangan BIM Execution Plan (BEP) untuk Analisis CLASH DETECTION pada Pemodelan BIM Konstruksi Infrastruktur Ketenagalistrikan (Studi Kasus: Gardu Induk)

ANGGA PRANAJAYA, Ir. Tantri Nastiti Handayani, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D., IPM.; Ir. Akhmad Aminullah, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., IPU.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Sipil

Pembangunan gardu induk memiliki kompleksitas tinggi karena melibatkan integrasi berbagai disiplin yang membutuhkan koordinasi desain secara intensif. Perencanaan konvensional berbasis gambar dua dimensi memiliki keterbatasan dalam mengidentifikasi konflik antarelemen sebelum konstruksi. Building Information Modeling (BIM) melalui clash detection dapat mendukung identifikasi konflik tersebut, namun penerapannya membutuhkan BIM Execution Plan (BEP) sebagai pedoman pengelolaan informasi dan koordinasi pemodelan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan skema BEP untuk pemodelan BIM infrastruktur ketenagalistrikan, melakukan analisis dan kategorisasi clash, menganalisis potential losses biaya dan waktu, serta mengetahui potensi implementasinya di PT PLN (Persero). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus pada pemodelan BIM gardu induk. BEP disusun dengan mengacu pada ISO 19650 dan standar BIM terkait. Model multidisiplin digabungkan menjadi federated model untuk dilakukan clash detection, kemudian hasilnya dikategorikan menjadi minor, medium, dan major berdasarkan pihak yang terlibat dan opsi penanganannya. Validasi dilakukan melalui wawancara dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan personel bidang perencanaan dan konstruksi gardu induk PT PLN (Persero). Analisis potential losses dilakukan berdasarkan potensi pekerjaan ulang dan tambahan waktu pelaksanaan.

Hasil clash detection mengidentifikasi 508 clash yang kemudian dikategorisasi menjadi 461 minor, 41 medium, dan 6 major. Analisis lanjutan untuk biaya direct dan indirect cost terhadap 40 clash medium menunjukkan potensi biaya pekerjaan ulang sebesar Rp88.224.549 dengan potensi durasi 38 hari, sedangkan 6 clash major berpotensi menimbulkan biaya sebesar Rp32.351.041 dengan potensi durasi 40 hari. Biaya indirect cost secara total sebesar Rp 300.000.000 atau 0,3?ri nilai proyek akibat potensi keterlambatan. Kategorisasi tersebut mendukung penentuan prioritas penyelesaian clash berdasarkan tingkat konsekuensi dan keterlibatan pihak terkait. Skema BEP yang dikembangkan dapat membentuk proses pemodelan dan koordinasi BIM yang lebih terstruktur serta mendukung identifikasi dan penyelesaian konflik desain sejak tahap perencanaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BEP berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai referensi standardisasi pemodelan, koordinasi multidisiplin, dan pengelolaan clash pada proyek gardu induk di lingkungan PT PLN (Persero).

Substation construction is characterized by a high level of complexity due to the integration of multiple disciplines, requiring intensive design coordination. Conventional planning based on two-dimensional drawings has limitations in identifying conflicts between elements prior to construction. Building Information Modeling (BIM), through clash detection, can facilitate the early identification of such conflicts; however, its implementation requires a BIM Execution Plan (BEP) as a guideline for information management and model coordination. This study aims to develop a BEP framework for BIM modeling of electrical power infrastructure, analyze and categorize clashes, assess potential losses in terms of cost and time, and evaluate its potential implementation within PT PLN (Persero).

This research employs a case study approach using a BIM model of a substation. The BEP was developed with reference to ISO 19650 and other relevant BIM standards. Multidisciplinary models were integrated into a federated model for clash detection, after which the identified clashes were categorized as minor, medium, or major based on the parties involved and the required resolution measures. Validation was conducted through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with PT PLN (Persero) personnel involved in substation planning and construction. Potential losses were analyzed based on the estimated rework costs and additional construction time.

The clash detection process identified 508 clashes, comprising 461 minor, 41 medium, and 6 major clashes. Further analysis of direct and indirect costs for 40 medium clashes indicated a potential rework cost of IDR 88,224,549 and a potential duration impact of 38 days, while the 6 major clashes could result in potential costs of IDR 32,351,041 and a duration impact of 40 days. The total indirect cost was estimated at IDR 300,000,000, equivalent to 3% of the project value, due to potential delays. The proposed categorization supports the prioritization of clash resolution based on the severity of consequences and the involvement of relevant stakeholders. The developed BEP framework establishes a more structured BIM modeling and coordination process and supports the early identification and resolution of design conflicts during the planning stage. The findings indicate that the BEP has the potential to serve as a reference for standardizing BIM modeling, multidisciplinary coordination, and clash management in substation projects within PT PLN (Persero).

Kata Kunci : Building Information Modeling (BIM), BIM Execution Plan (BEP), clash detection, electrical substation, federated model