Konektivitas Efektif EEG Jaringan Frontocentral pada Remaja dengan Problematic Pornography Use Menggunakan Partial Directed Coherence dan Directed Transfer Function

Nadia Khairunnisa Agma Putri, Ir. Noor Akhmad Setiawan, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., IPM.

2026 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK BIOMEDIS

Problematic pornography use (PPU) pada remaja diduga berkaitan dengan disregulasi jaringan frontocentral, khususnya area prefrontal yang berperan dalam fungsi eksekutif dan kontrol impuls. Namun, penelitian EEG pada PPU masih didominasi oleh analisis distribusi frekuensi dan kompleksitas sinyal, sedangkan evaluasi konektivitas efektif antarwilayah otak masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan membandingkan konektivitas efektif EEG pada jaringan frontocentral remaja dengan PPU menggunakan metode Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) dan Directed Transfer Function (DTF), serta mengevaluasi organisasi topologi jaringan menggunakan metrik teori graf dan Jaccard Similarity. Penelitian menggunakan dataset EEG sekunder yang terdiri atas 14 remaja (7 PPU dan 7 non-adiksi) dengan 10 channel frontocentral dan 5 protokol eksperimen. Sinyal EEG diproses menggunakan model Multivariate Autoregressive (MVAR) berorde 20 untuk mengestimasi matriks PDC dan DTF pada threshold densitas proporsional 0,15. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U dan Wilcoxon Signed-Rank dengan koreksi False Discovery Rate (alpha=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis node strength hanya menghasilkan 2 kondisi signifikan dari 300 kombinasi pada PDC dan 4 kondisi signifikan dari 300 kombinasi pada DTF. Pada metode PDC, kedua kondisi signifikan tersebut menunjukkan berkurangnya peran midline frontal cortex (Fz) sebagai net sink selama tugas memori pada kelompok PPU dibandingkan kelompok normal. Sementara itu, seluruh metrik graf global tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan setelah koreksi FDR. Analisis kemiripan topologi jaringan merupakan tingkat analisis yang paling sensitif. Pada metode PDC, uji Wilcoxon Signed-Rank menunjukkan kemiripan topologi internal yang signifikan pada 19 dari 20 kondisi kelompok PPU dan 16 dari 20 kondisi kelompok normal, namun uji Mann-Whitney U tidak menemukan perbedaan antarkelompok. Sebaliknya, pada metode DTF seluruh kondisi kategori Within Addiction tidak signifikan, sedangkan kategori Within Normal dan Between Groups masing-masing menghasilkan 14 dari 20 kondisi signifikan. Selain itu, uji Mann-Whitney U menunjukkan 6 dari 20 kondisi berbeda signifikan antara kelompok PPU dan normal, dengan nilai Jaccard Similarity kelompok normal secara konsisten lebih tinggi pada pita frekuensi beta dan gamma. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa PDC lebih sensitif dalam merepresentasikan reorganisasi konektivitas langsung, sedangkan DTF lebih sensitif dalam membedakan perubahan organisasi komunikasi total pada jaringan frontocentral remaja dengan PPU.

Problematic pornography use (PPU) in adolescents has been hypothesized to be associated with dysregulation of the frontocentral network, particularly within prefrontal regions involved in executive function and impulse control. However, previous EEG studies on PPU have predominantly focused on spectral characteristics and signal complexity, whereas effective connectivity between brain regions remains underexplored. This study aimed to analyze and compare EEG-based effective connectivity within the frontocentral network of adolescents with PPU using Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) and Directed Transfer Function (DTF), as well as to evaluate network organization using graph-theoretical metrics and Jaccard Similarity. A secondary EEG dataset comprising 14 adolescents (7 PPU and 7 controls), 10 frontocentral EEG channels, and 5 experimental protocols was analyzed. EEG signals were modeled using a Multivariate Autoregressive (MVAR) model with order p = 20 to estimate PDC and DTF connectivity matrices at a proportional density threshold of 0.15. Statistical significance was assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test with False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction alpha = 0.05. The results showed that node strength analysis yielded only 2 significant conditions out of 300 comparisons for PDC and 4 out of 300 for DTF. In the PDC analysis, both significant conditions indicated a reduced role of the Fz channel as a net sink during the working memory task in the PPU group, suggesting reduced information integration within the midline frontal cortex. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in global graph metrics after FDR correction. Network topology analysis based on Jaccard Similarity was the most sensitive analytical level. For PDC, the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test demonstrated significant within-group topological similarity in 19 of 20 conditions for the PPU group and 16 of 20 conditions for the control group, whereas the Mann-Whitney U test detected no significant between-group differences. Conversely, for DTF, none of the Within Addiction conditions were significant, while 14 of 20 conditions were significant for both the Within Normal and Between Groups categories. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney U test identified 6 of 20 conditions with significant between-group differences, with the control group consistently exhibiting higher Jaccard Similarity values in the beta and gamma frequency bands. These findings indicate that PDC is more sensitive to the reorganization of direct causal connectivity, whereas DTF is more sensitive to alterations in the organization of overall information propagation within the frontocentral network of adolescents with PPU.

Kata Kunci : konektivitas efektif EEG, problematic pornography use (PPU), remaja, Partial Directed Coherence (PDC), Directed Transfer Function (DTF)