Pendugaan Serapan Gas Karbon Dioksida Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik Dalam Mendukung Mitigasi Emisi Sektor Transportasi di Kecamatan Sidomukti, Kota Salatiga

Raisza Pradnya Anditya, Ir. Budi Mulyana, S.Hut., M.Si., Ph.D., IPM

2026 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Peningkatan aktivitas transportasi di kawasan perkotaan menyebabkan emisi karbon dioksida (CO?) terus meningkat dan berkontribusi terhadap perubahan iklim. Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) berperan sebagai penyerap karbon melalui proses fotosintesis sehingga dapat mendukung upaya mitigasi emisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga potensi serapan CO? ruang terbuka hijau publik serta menganalisis kontribusinya dalam mitigasi emisi sektor transportasi di Kecamatan Sidomukti, Kota Salatiga.

Penelitian dilakukan pada RTH publik yang terdiri atas taman dan hutan, jalur hijau jalan, serta RTH fungsi tertentu. Data dikumpulkan melalui inventarisasi vegetasi, pengukuran diameter batang setinggi dada (DBH), identifikasi jenis pohon, wawancara dengan key informant, dan pengumpulan data sekunder. Biomassa diduga menggunakan persamaan alometrik, kemudian dikonversi menjadi simpanan karbon menggunakan faktor konversi dan selanjutnya dihitung menjadi serapan CO?. Estimasi umur pohon dilakukan menggunakan informasi key informant dan pendekatan annual diameter growth rate untuk memperoleh serapan CO? tahunan. Emisi sektor transportasi dihitung berdasarkan volume kendaraan, faktor emisi, konsumsi bahan bakar, dan panjang ruas jalan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RTH publik di Kecamatan Sidomukti seluas 15,37 ha memiliki biomassa sebesar 604,1 ton, simpanan karbon sebesar 283,9 ton, serta potensi serapan CO? sebesar 1.042,0 ton. Adapun kemampuan serapan CO? tahunan mencapai 19,1 ton CO?/tahun atau rata-rata 1,24 ton CO?/ha/tahun. Sementara itu, emisi CO? sektor transportasi mencapai 26.782,6 ton CO?/tahun, sehingga RTH publik hanya mampu mengimbangi sekitar 0,07% total emisi tersebut. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas mitigasi emisi oleh RTH publik di Kecamatan Sidomukti masih terbatas, sehingga diperlukan peningkatan luas dan kualitas RTH serta pengendalian emisi sektor transportasi

The increasing intensity of transportation activities in urban areas has led to higher carbon dioxide (CO?) emissions, contributing to climate change. Public green open spaces (GOS) play an important role in absorbing carbon through photosynthesis and can support efforts to mitigate these emissions. This study aimed to estimate the CO? sequestration potential of public green open spaces and analyze their contribution to mitigating transportation sector emissions in Sidomukti District, Salatiga Regency. 

The study was conducted in public green open spaces, including parks and urban forests, roadside green belts, and designated functional green spaces. Data were collected through vegetation inventory, measurement of Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), tree species identification, interviews with key informant, and secondary data collection. Biomass was estimated using the allometric equation, then converted into carbon stock using the 0.47 conversion factor, and subsequently converted into CO? sequestration. Tree age was estimated using information from key informant and the annual diameter growth rate approach to determine annual CO? sequestration. Transportation sector emissions were estimated based on traffic volume, emission factors, fuel consumption, and road length. 

The results showed that the 15.37 ha of public green open spaces in Sidomukti District contained an estimated biomass of 604.1 tons, carbon stock of 283.9 tons, and CO? sequestration potential of 1,042.0 tons. The annual CO? sequestration reached 19.1 tons CO?/year, equivalent to an average of 1.24 tons CO?/ha/year. Meanwhile, transportation sector emissions were estimated at 26,782.6 tons CO?/year, indicating that public green open spaces offset only about 0.07% of the total emissions. These findings suggest that the current mitigation capacity of public green open spaces is still limited, highlighting the need to increase both the extent and quality of green openspaces while simultaneously reducing transportation-related emissions. 

Kata Kunci : Biomassa, Simpanan Karbon, Emisi Kendaraan, Persamaan Alometrik, Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik