Analisis Keterjangkauan Dan Penentuan Lokasi Rekomendasi Klinik Gigi Baru Dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis Di Kabupaten Gunungkidul

Annisa Diah Sekarini, Dr. Barandi Sapta Widartono, S.Si., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | KARTOGRAFI DAN PENGINDRAAN JAUH

Pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan bagian penting dari pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat. Persebaran Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi (Fasyankes Gigi) di Kabupaten Gunungkidul masil mengalami ketimpangan spasial dengan adanya pemusatan fasilitas di kawasan perkotaan (bagian tengah) sehingga muncul blank spot pelayanan di kawasan perdesaan (bagian utara dan selatan). Penelitian ini bertujuan untk: (1) mengukur daya jangkau fasyankes gigi eksisting, dan (2) menentukan lokasi rekomendasi yang optimal untuk pendirian klinik gigi baru. Metode yang digunakan berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Analisis daya jangkau pelayanan diukur dengan Network Analysis metode Service Area

dengan impedansi jarak berbasis jaringan jalan sesuai dengan jenis fasilitas (rumah sakit 5.000 m, puskesmas 3.000 m, klinik pratama/utama 3.000 m, dan klinik gigi 1.500 m). Penentuan lokasi rekomendasi dilakukan dengan pemodelan LocationAllocation algoritma Maximize Coverage dengan menguji penambahan 1 lokasi, 3 lokasi, dan 5 lokasi terpilih.

Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa daya jangkau fasyankes gigi eksisting mampu menjangkau 56% wilayah permukiman atau 74,4% populasi penduduk. Area blank spot terluas berada di kawasan perdesaan bagian utara dan selatan wilayah kajian. Hasil pemodelan Location-Allocation menunjukkan bahwa skenario penambahan 3 lokasi baru merupakan skenario paling efektif. Penambahan 3 lokasi bar di utara Kapanewon Karangmojo, selatan Kapanewon Semanu, dan utara Kapanewon Saptosari mampu menjangkau 80,9% populasi penduduk.

Dental and oral health services are an essential component of public health care. The distribution of Dental Health Facilities in Gunungkidul Regency still suffers from spatial disparity, with facilities heavily concentrated in the central urban area, resulting in service blank spots in peripheral rural areas. This study aims to: (1) measure the service coverage of existing dental health facilities, and (2) determine optimal recommended locations for establishing new dental clinics.

The methodology is based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Service coverage analysis was measured using Network Analysis with the Service Area method, employing road network distance impedance tailored to facility types (hospitals 5.000 m, public health centers (Puskesmas) 3.000 m, primary/main clinics 3.000 m, and dental clinics 1.500 m). Recommended locations were determined using Location-Allocation modeling with the Maximize Coverage algorithm, testing scenarios for selecting 1, 3, and 5 locations.

The analysis results indicate that the service coverage of existing dental health facilities reaches 56% of residential areas, representing 74.4% of the population. The largest blank spots are in the rural northern and southern parts of the study area. The Location-Allocation modelling reveals that the 3-location addition scenario is the most effective option. Adding 3 new locations in northern Karangmojo district, southern Semanu district, and northern Saptosari district expands service coverage to 80.9% of the population

Kata Kunci : Daya Jangkau, Fasyankes Gigi, Location-Allocation, Service Area,