PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN KALSINASI SLUDGE SEBAGAI PENGGANTI FILLER PADA CAMPURAN ASPHALT CONCRETE - WEARING COURSE
Atifa Hanna Khosiah, Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, M.Sc., Ph.D. ; Ir. M. Rizka Fahmi Amrozi, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D., IPM.
2026 | Tesis | S2 Mag. S. & T.Transportasi
Kerusakan jalan di Indonesia terus meningkat
seiring bertambahnya volume lalu lintas, yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas
perkerasan serta kenyamanan dan keselamatan pengguna jalan. Menurut Priyanto dan Sari (2023),
tingginya volume kendaraan merupakan salah satu faktor utama yang mempercepat
kerusakan perkerasan. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kinerja perkerasan
adalah penggunaan Filler yang tepat, karena dapat meningkatkan
stabilitas, sifat mekanik, dan ketahanan campuran terhadap beban lalu lintas
serta kondisi lingkungan
Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan
sludge yang telah dikalsinasi sebagai bahan substitusi Filler
dengan variasi 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Campuran dirancang berdasarkan
metode Marshall untuk menentukan Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO) menggunakan
pendekatan narrow range. Evaluasi kinerja campuran dilakukan melalui
pengujian karakteristik Marshall, durabilitas menggunakan Marshall sisa, Indeks
Durabilitas Pertama (IDP), Indeks Durabilitas Kedua (IDK), serta pengujian Indirect
Tensile Strength (ITS).
Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sludge berpengaruh terhadap
karakteristik campuran, terutama pada kepadatan, Void in Mix (VIM),
stabilitas, dan flow. Nilai KAO untuk variasi substitusi sludge
sebesar 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100?rturut-turut adalah 5,56%; 5,68%; 5,70%;
5,80%; dan 5,90%. Peningkatan kadar sludge menyebabkan kebutuhan aspal
meningkat akibat berat jenis yang lebih rendah dan porositas yang lebih tinggi
dibandingkan Filler konvensional. Pengujian durabilitas menunjukkan
bahwa substitusi sludge hingga 75% meningkatkan ketahanan campuran,
sedangkan pada variasi 100% durabilitas menurun akibat penyerapan aspal yang
berlebihan. Sementara itu, pengujian ITS menunjukkan peningkatan kuat tarik
pada seluruh variasi substitusi sludge. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan
bahwa sludge berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif Filler
pada campuran AC-WC sekaligus mendukung pemanfaatan limbah secara
berkelanjutan.
Road damage in Indonesia continues to increase as traffic volume grows, leading to a decline in pavement quality as well as reduced comfort and safety for road users. According to Priyanto dan Sari (2023) high traffic volume is one of the main factors accelerating pavement deterioration. One approach to improving pavement performance is the use of suitable Filler materials, as they can enhance the stability, mechanical properties, and durability of asphalt mixtures under traffic loading and environmental conditions (Salim dan Hadi Gunawan, 2021). Meanwhile, sludge waste from the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) of PT. PP Krakatau Tirta Gresik contains minerals such as silica, iron oxide, and calcium, which have the potential to be used as a Filler substitute in asphalt mixtures. The use of this waste material may not only improve mixture performance but also support more sustainable waste management. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of calcined sludge as a Filler substitute in Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures.
The study was conducted using calcined sludge as a Filler substitute at replacement levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The mixtures were designed using the Marshall method to determine the Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) based on the narrow range approach. The performance of the mixtures was evaluated through Marshall characteristics, durability tests using Marshall retained stability, the First Durability Index (FDI), the Second Durability Index (SDI), and the Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) test.
The results showed that the use of sludge significantly affected the mixture characteristics, particularly density, Void in Mix (VIM), stability, and flow. The OAC values for sludge replacement levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% were 5.56%, 5.68%, 5.7%, 5.8%, and 5.9%, respectively. Increasing the sludge content increased the asphalt demand because sludge has a lower specific gravity and higher porosity than conventional Filler. The durability test showed that sludge substitution up to 75% improved the durability of the mixtures, while the 100% replacement level reduced durability due to excessive asphalt absorption. In addition, the ITS test showed an increase in tensile strength for all sludge replacement levels. These findings indicate that sludge has good potential as an alternative Filler material in AC-WC mixtures while supporting the sustainable utilization of waste.
Kata Kunci : Filler, Sludge, Marshall, ITS, Stabilitas, Kalsinasi