Pengembangan Sistem Internet of Things Berbasis Aplikasi Web untuk Pengontrolan AC Ruang Kelas Terintegrasi Jadwal Kuliah

Afqilla Regina Putri, Dr. Ir. Sahirul Alam, S.T., M.Eng.

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 TEKNOLOGI JARINGAN

Penggunaan AC pada ruang kelas sering kali tidak efisien karena AC dibiarkan menyala meskipun ruangan tidak digunakan, sehingga menyebabkan pemborosan energi listrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem kontrol dan monitoring AC ruang kelas berbasis IoT dengan penjadwalan otomatis melalui web dashboard, dibangun menggunakan RESTful API berbasis PHP dan Nginx, antarmuka Vanilla JavaScript, serta node IoT ESP32 dan ESP8266 dengan sensor DHT11, SCT-013, dan ZMPT101B, serta IR transmitter sebagai actuator kontrol AC. Inovasi utama terletak pada algoritma schedule merging dan otomasi berbasis cron job yang mengeksekusi transisi nyala/mati AC secara mandiri sesuai jadwal akademik tanpa menghilangkan kendali manual. Pengujian meliputi fungsionalitas (black-box testing), performa backend (TTFB dan throughput), serta dampak efisiensi energi. Hasil menunjukkan seluruh skenario fungsionalitas berjalan sesuai rancangan, performa backend responsif, dan otomasi penjadwalan menurunkan konsumsi energi AC hingga 32,2%.

AC usage in classrooms is often inefficient, as units are left running even when the room is unoccupied, causing electrical energy waste. This research aims to design and implement an IoT-based classroom AC control and monitoring system with automatic scheduling via a web dashboard, built using a RESTful API based on PHP and Nginx, a Vanilla JavaScript interface, and ESP32 and ESP8266 IoT nodes with DHT11, SCT-013, and ZMPT101B sensors, along with an IR transmitter as the AC control actuator. The main innovation lies in the schedule merging algorithm and cron job-based automation, which independently execute AC on/off transitions according to the academic schedule while retaining manual control. Testing covered functional testing (black-box testing), backend performance (TTFB and throughput), and energy efficiency impact. Results show all functional scenarios performed as designed, backend performance remained responsive, and automated scheduling reduced AC energy consumption by up to 32.2%.

Kata Kunci : Internet of Things, Penjadwalan Otomatis, Efisiensi Energi, RESTful API, Monitoring AC