Pengaruh Penerapan Perbaikan Lingkungan terhadap Tingkah Laku dan Konsumsi Pakan pada Kelinci Hyla dalam Pemeliharaan Intensif

Widya Salsabila Nurfitriani, Ir. Hamdani Maulana, S.Pt., M.Sc., IPP.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penerapan perbaikan lingkungan terhadap tingkah laku makan dan konsumsi pakan kelinci Hyla yang dipelihara secara intensif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kandang Pusat Pengembangan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada menggunakan 52 ekor kelinci Hyla jantan dengan bobot badan rata-rata 1.630±280 g yang dipelihara secara individual. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu kontrol (K), gnawing stick (G), alas karet (A), dan hiding box (HB). Pakan berupa pelet komersial dan Indigofera kering, sedangkan air minum diberikan secara ad libitum. Parameter yang diamati meliputi durasi dan frekuensi makan pelet, makan hijauan, minum, perilaku mencari makan (foraging), serta konsumsi as-fed, bahan kering, protein kasar, serat kasar, dan air minum. Data dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan lingkungan berpengaruh nyata (P<0>0,05). Perlakuan hiding box menghasilkan durasi makan pelet tertinggi (20,50±9,31 menit), menunjukkan bahwa penyediaan tempat berlindung meningkatkan kenyamanan kelinci saat makan. Seluruh kelinci menunjukkan aktivitas makan tertinggi pada sore hingga malam hari sesuai sifat crepuscular, dengan pola makan pada perlakuan hiding box lebih konsisten dibandingkan perlakuan lain. Disimpulkan bahwa penerapan perbaikan lingkungan, khususnya hiding box, meningkatkan kenyamanan dan kualitas aktivitas makan tanpa meningkatkan konsumsi pakan.

This study aimed to determine the effect of environmental enrichment on the feeding behavior and feed intake of intensively reared Hyla rabbits. The study was conducted at the Livestock Development Center of the Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, using 52 male Hyla rabbits with an average body weight of 1,630 ± 280 g that were housed individually. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments: control (C), gnawing stick (G), rubber mat (M), and hiding box (HB). The diet consisted of commercial pellets and dried Indigofera, while drinking water was provided ad libitum. The observed parameters included the duration and frequency of pellet consumption, forage consumption, water intake, foraging behavior, as-fed intake, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and water intake. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s test when significant differences were found. The results showed that environmental enrichment had a significant effect (P < 0> 0.05). The hiding box treatment resulted in the longest pellet-feeding duration (20.50 ± 9.31 minutes), indicating that providing a hiding place increased the rabbits’ comfort while eating. All rabbits exhibited peak feeding activity in the afternoon through the evening, consistent with their crepuscular nature, with feeding patterns in the hiding box treatment being more consistent than in the other treatments. It was concluded that the implementation of environmental enrichment, particularly the hiding box, improved comfort and the quality of feeding activity without increasing feed intake.

Kata Kunci : Kelinci Hyla, Konsumsi pakan, Pemeliharaan intensif, Perbaikan lingkungan, Tingkah laku.