Transformasi Penerjemahan Verba Honorifik Sonkeigo dan Kenjougo Bahasa Jepang ke Bahasa Indonesia dalam Subtitle Film Serial Gekikaradou
Ahmadika Gunanggoro Prisatria, Drs. Tatang Hariri, M.A., Ph.D.
2026 | Tesis | S2 Linguistik
Japanese has an honorific system, particularly sonkeigo and kenjougo, which has no equivalent honorific verb system in Indonesian. This linguistic difference causing various translation transformations, especially in subtitle translation. This study aims to identify the categories of translation transformations applied to sonkeigo and kenjougo verbs and to explain the reasons behind it. This study also aims to explain how their honorific functions are realized in Indonesian after undergoing translation transformations in the subtitles of the Japanese television series Gekikaradou. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The data consisted of 72 utterances containing sonkeigo and kenjougo verbs extracted from the Indonesian subtitles of Gekikaradou. The data were analyzed using Proshina's (2008) theory of translation transformations to analyze the transformation categories and theories of kesantunan berbahasa by Chaer (2010) and Pranowo (2009) are used to analyze the changes of honorific functions in the target language.
The findings reveal a total of 156 translation transformations, comprising grammatical substitution (61 data), word order change (53 data), lexical substitution (24 data), sentence partitioning (5 data), reduction (5 data), integral transformation (5 data), sentence integration (2 data), and lexical compensation (1 data). Grammatical substitution is the most dominant transformation due to the absence of an equivalent honorific verb system in Indonesian. Furthermore, the study shows that honorific functions are changed in 18 data through various Indonesian politeness markers, 39 data are not realized into Indonesian politeness markers, and 15 data with Indonesian politeness markers due to other factor other than the translation transformations of sonkeigo and kenjougo verbs. These findings indicate that translation transformations not only alter linguistic forms but also affect the realization of honorific functions in Japanese–Indonesian subtitle translation.
Kata Kunci : transformasi penerjemahan, sonkeigo, kenjougo, subtitle, fungsi honorifik