Kinerja Induk Domba di Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah

Ashila Rahma Aulia, Prof. Ir. Panjono, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kinerja induk domba di Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian melibatkan 28 peternak sebagai responden beserta 56 ekor induk domba yang di amati. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dan pengamatan langsung yang meliputi karakteristik peternak, sistem pemeliharaan, dan kinerja induk. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peternak tergolong usia produktif (79%), memiliki pengalaman beternak lima hingga sepuluh tahun (71%), lulusan SMP (39%), pekerjaan utama sebagai peternak (43%), semua peternak mengambil segmen pembiakan (100%), sebagian besar peternak belum pernah mengikuti penyuluhan (93%), dan mampu mengenali ciri-ciri birahi (79%). Semua domba dipelihara secara intensif (100%), semua domba dipelihara dengan kandang panggung (100%), kandang dibersihkan satu minggu sekali (43%), domba dimandikan satu minggu sekali (61%), dan semua domba kawin alami (100%). Sistem pemberian pakan diberikan dua kali sehari (71%), semua pakan diberikan secara terpisah (100%), dan semua pakan yang diberikan hijauan dan ampas tahu (100%). Domba memiliki umur pertama kali kawin 360,61±21,41 hari; litter size 1,52±0,60 ekor; bobot lahir 2,88±0,65 kg; umur sapih 119,95±17,85 hari; bobot sapih 18,88±4,34 kg; mortalitas prasapih 3,55±11,72 %; service per conception 1,09±0,35 kali; interval kelahiran 242,48±19,84 hari; indeks reproduksi induk 2,17±0,79 ekor/tahun, dan indeks produktivitas induk 40,54±15,89 kg/tahun. Disimpulkan bahwa kinerja induk di Kabupaten Temanggung sudah cukup baik.

This study aimed to observe the performance of ewes productivity in Temanggung Regency, Central Java. The research involved 28 farmers as respondents and 56 ewes as observed samples. Data collection was conducted through interviews and direct observation, covering farmer characteristics, management systems, and ewe performance. The collected data were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive method. The results showed that most farmers were in the productive age group (79%), had five to ten years of farming experience (71%), had completed junior high school (39%), worked primarily as farmers (43%), focused entirely on breeding segment (100%), had never attended extension programs (93%), and were able to identify signs of estrus (79%). All ewes were raised under intensive management systems (100%) and housed in elevated pens (100%), cleaned the house once one week (43%), while bathed their ewes once one week (61%), and natural mating was practiced by all farmers (100%). Feed was provided twice daily (71%), with all feed provided separately (100%), consisted entirely of forage and tofu by-products (100%). The reproductive performance of the ewes showed that the age at first mating was 360,61±21,41 days; litter size was 1,52±0,60 head; birth weight 2,88±0,65 kg, weaning age was 119,95±17,85 days; weaning weight was 18,88±4,34 kg; pre weaning mortality rate was 3,55±11,72 %; service per conception was 1,09±0,35 times; lambing interval was 242,48±19,84 days; the reproductive index of ewes was 2,17±0,79 head/year; and the productivity index of 40,54±15,89 kg/year. It is concluded that the reproductive performance of ewes in Temanggung Regency is relatively good, but litter size is still relatively low.

Kata Kunci : Domba, Kinerja Induk, Karakteristik Peternak, Sistem Pemeliharaan, Temanggung