Uji Efektivitas Nanofiber Polysulfone/Polyacrylonitrile (PSU/PAN) Termodifikasi Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) untuk Adsorpsi Zat Warna Sintetis Menggunakan Sistem Vacuum Filtration

Eugenia Avrill Ekaristhy, Prof. Drs. Roto, M.Eng., Ph.D.; Dr.rer.nat. Adhitasari Suratman, S.Si., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan uji efektivitas nanofiber Polysulfone/Polyacrylonitrile (PSU/PAN) termodifikasi reduced graphene oxide (rGO) untuk adsorpsi zat warna sintetis melalui metode vacuum filtration. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami karakteristik fisikokimia membran nanofiber PSU/PAN@rGO, yang mencakup morfologi permukaan, gugus fungsi, sifat hidrofilik, dan kinerja penyisihan zat warna sintetis, serta mengetahui pengaruh jumlah kandungan rGO pada membran nanofiber PSU/PAN untuk  menghilangkan zat warna sintetis pada larutan berbasis air. Fabrikasi membrane nanofiber dilakukan dengan metode electrospinning, sedangkan penambahan rGO dilakukan dengan metode layering menggunakan vacuum filtration apparatus. Membran PSU/PAN@rGO.V0, PSU/PAN@rGO.V1, PSU/PAN@rGO.V2, dan PSU/PAN@rGO.V3 menggunakan massa rGO berturut-turut sebesar 0; 0,03; 0,06; dan 0,09 g. Karakterisasi membran dilakukan dengan instrumen FTIR, SEM, WCA, dan UV-Vis. Performa adsorpsi membran dievaluasi melalui delapan siklus adsorpsi menggunakan sistem vacuum filtration.

Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa membran PSU/PAN@rGO bersifat hidrofilik, serta memiliki gugus fungsi alkana, nitril, dan sulfon. Variasi membran PSU/PAN@rGO.V3 menunjukkan kinerja paling optimal dengan persentase penyisihan mencapai ?99,8?ngan laju permeat 824,89 ± 57 L m?2 h?1 bar?1 pada adsorpsi MB. Sementara itu, pada adsorpsi CR diperoleh persentase penyisihan maksimum sebesar ?95,8?ngan laju permeat 265,06 ± 94 L m?2 h?1 bar?1. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh diketahui pula bahwa semakin besar massa rGO, maka semakin tinggi pula persentase penyisihan zat warna yang dihasilkan. 

The research investigated the effectiveness of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-modified Polysulfone/Polyacrylonitrile (PSU/PAN) nanofibers for the adsorption of synthetic dyes using a vacuum filtration method. This study aims to understand the physicochemical characteristics of PSU/PAN@rGO nanofiber membranes, including surface morphology, functional groups, hydrophilicity, and synthetic dye removal performance, as well as to examine the effect of rGO loading on the removal of synthetic dyes from aqueous solutions. The nanofiber membranes  were fabricated via electrospinning, while rGO incorporation was carried out through a layering method using a vacuum filtration apparatus. The PSU/PAN@rGO.V0, PSU/PAN@rGO.V1, PSU/PAN@rGO.V2, and PSU/PAN@rGO.V3 membranes were prepared with rGO masses of 0, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 g, respectively. Membrane characterization was conducted using FTIR, SEM, WCA, and UV-Vis analysis. Adsorption performance was evaluated over eight adsorption cycles using vacuum filtration system.

The results indicate that the PSU/PAN@rGO membranes are hydrophilic and contain alkane, nitrile, and sulfone functional groups. Among all membrane variations, PSU/PAN@rGO.V3 exhibited the most optimal performance, achieving a removal efficiency of ?99.8% with a permeate flux of 824.89 ± 57 L m?2 h?1 bar?1 for methylene blue adsorption. Meanwhile, Congo red adsorption achieves a  maximum removal efficiency of ?95.8% with a permeate flux of 265.06 ± 94 L m?2 h?1 bar?1. These data indicate that increasing the rGO concentration can enhance the dye removal efficiency of the PSU/PAN@rGO nanofiber membrane.

Kata Kunci : adsorpsi, membran, PAN, PSU, rGO