Efisiensi Alokatif Faktor Produksi Usaha Tani Kopi Robusta di Kawasan Agroforestri Kecamatan Jumo Kabupaten Temanggung

Vera Kurniawati, Dr. Hani Perwitasari, S.P., M.Sc.; Sugiyarto, S.P., M.Sc.

2026 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Penurunan produksi kopi robusta di Kecamatan Jumo, Kabupaten Temanggung, meskipun luas areal tanam meningkat, menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan faktor produksi belum tentu optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat penggunaan faktor produksi, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi, dan efisiensi alokatif usaha tani kopi robusta di kawasan agroforestri Kecamatan Jumo. Penelitian dilakukan pada September 2025 di Desa Kertosari dan Desa Giyono dengan metode deskriptif analitis terhadap 45 petani kopi robusta yang dipilih secara purposive. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, one sample t-test, regresi linier berganda model fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas log-linier, dan analisis efisiensi alokatif menggunakan indeks efisiensi (Ki). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata penggunaan jumlah tanaman menghasilkan, pupuk nitrogen, dan pupuk NPK masih berada di bawah rekomendasi teknis. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa jumlah tanaman menghasilkan dan pupuk nitrogen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produksi kopi robusta, sedangkan luas lahan, pupuk NPK, dan tenaga kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Analisis efisiensi alokatif menunjukkan bahwa jumlah tanaman menghasilkan memiliki nilai Ki sebesar 0,72 sehingga penggunaannya sudah tidak efisien secara alokatif, sedangkan pupuk nitrogen memiliki nilai Ki sebesar 1,88 sehingga penggunaannya belum efisien secara alokatif.

The decline in Robusta coffee production in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency, despite the expansion of cultivated land, indicates that the use of production inputs has not yet reached an optimal level. This study aimed to analyze the level of production input utilization, identify the factors affecting Robusta coffee production, and evaluate the allocative efficiency of Robusta coffee farming under an agroforestry system in Jumo District. The study was conducted in September 2025 in Kertosari and Giyono villages using a descriptive analytical approach involving 45 Robusta coffee farmers selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a one-sample t-test, multiple linear regression based on the Cobb-Douglas log-linear production function, and allocative efficiency analysis using the allocative efficiency index (Ki). The results showed that the average use of productive coffee trees, nitrogen fertilizer, and NPK fertilizer was below the recommended technical standards. The regression analysis indicated that the number of productive coffee trees and nitrogen fertilizer had a positive and significant effect on Robusta coffee production, whereas land area, NPK fertilizer, and labor had no significant effects. The allocative efficiency analysis revealed that the number of productive coffee trees had a Ki value of 0.72, indicating that its utilization was allocatively inefficient, while nitrogen fertilizer had a Ki value of 1.88, indicating that its utilization had not yet reached allocative efficiency.

Kata Kunci : Kopi robusta, agroforestri, faktor produksi, fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas, efisiensi alokatif