KAJIAN PERTUMBUHAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.) PADA KOMBINASI IRIGASI MIKRO DAN PEMUPUKAN

Samuel Ari Nugroho, Dr. Ir. Murtiningrum, S.T.P., M.Eng., IPM., ASEAN Eng; Dr. Ngadisih, S.T.P., M.Sc., IPM., ASEAN Eng

2026 | Skripsi | TEKNIK PERTANIAN

Pertumbuhan sawi hijau (Brassica juncea L.) dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan air dan unsur hara sehingga diperlukan teknik budidaya yang mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan keduanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan respons pertumbuhan vegetatif sawi hijau pada kombinasi sistem irigasi mikro dan metode aplikasi pupuk NPK serta menentukan model pertumbuhan yang paling sesuai untuk menggambarkan laju pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian menggunakan empat kombinasi perlakuan, yaitu irigasi tetes fertigasi (TF), irigasi tetes tabur (TT), irigasi kabut fertigasi (KF), dan irigasi kabut tabur (KT). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kelembapan tanah, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, biomassa basah, dan biomassa kering. Data biomassa dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT), sedangkan data tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun dianalisis menggunakan model pertumbuhan logistik dan gompertz melalui linearisasi persamaan dan regresi linear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan irigasi tetes fertigasi menghasilkan pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik dengan tinggi tanaman, biomassa basah, dan biomassa kering tertinggi. Hasil ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap biomassa basah dan biomassa kering, sedangkan DMRT menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan fertigasi lebih unggul dibandingkan metode tabur. Pada parameter jumlah daun, perbedaan antarperlakuan relatif kecil. Evaluasi model menunjukkan bahwa model logistik memiliki nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) yang lebih tinggi dan nilai slope yang lebih mendekati kondisi ideal dibandingkan model gompertz, sehingga model logistik merupakan model yang paling sesuai untuk mendeskripsikan pertumbuhan vegetatif sawi hijau pada penelitian ini.

The growth of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) is strongly influenced by water availability and nutrient supply; therefore, efficient cultivation techniques are required to optimize both factors. This study aimed to compare the vegetative growth response of mustard greens under different combinations of micro-irrigation systems and NPK fertilizer application methods and to determine the most suitable growth model for describing plant growth. Four treatment combinations were evaluated: drip irrigation with fertigation (TF), drip irrigation with broadcast fertilization (TT), mist irrigation with fertigation (KF), and mist irrigation with broadcast fertilization (KT). The observed parameters included soil moisture, plant height, leaf number, fresh biomass, and dry biomass. Biomass data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT), while plant height and leaf number were analyzed using Logistic and gompertz growth models through equation linearization and linear regression. The results showed that drip irrigation combined with fertigation produced the best vegetative growth, resulting in the greatest plant height, fresh biomass, and dry biomass. ANOVA indicated significant treatment effects on fresh and dry biomass, while DMRT confirmed that fertigation performed significantly better than broadcast fertilization. Differences in leaf number among treatments were relatively small. Model evaluation demonstrated that the Logistic model consistently produced higher coefficients of determination (R²) and slope values closer to the ideal condition than the gompertz model. Therefore, the Logistic model was considered the most appropriate model for describing the vegetative growth of mustard greens in this study.

Kata Kunci : sawi hijau, irigasi mikro, fertigasi, model Logistik, model Gompertz; mustard greens, micro-irrigation, fertigation, Logistic model, Gompertz model