Partisipasi Petani dalam Penerapan Budidaya Padi Organik pada Kelompok Tani Makmur di Kalurahan Sumberharjo Kapanewon Prambanan Kabupaten Sleman

Vidy Berliant Ramadiva, Dr.agr. Ir. Sri Peni Wastutiningsih

2026 | Skripsi | PENYULUHAN & KOMUNIKASI PERTANIAN

Praktik budidaya padi organik menuntut penyesuaian teknis dan komitmen jangka panjang dari petani, sehingga keberlanjutannya bergantung pada partisipasi aktif petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengidentifikasi motif yang melatarbelakangi partisipasi petani dalam menerapkan dan mempertahankan keterlibatannya pada praktik budidaya padi organik di Kelompok Tani Makmur, Padukuhan Gamparan, Kapanewon Prambanan, Kabupaten Sleman dan 2) mendeskripsikan partisipasi petani dalam penerapan budidaya padi organik pada kelompok tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelompok Tani Makmur Gamparan yang telah menerapkan budidaya padi organik sejak tahun 2018 dan telah memperoleh sertifikasi organik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Informan ditentukan secara purposive, terdiri atas anggota, ketua, pengurus kelompok tani, serta penyuluh pertanian lapangan yang mendampingi kelompok. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian diperiksa keabsahannya melalui triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Analisis data dilakukan secara interaktif melalui tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan motif partisipasi petani bersifat dinamis. Pada tahap awal, keterlibatan petani didorong oleh persoalan pada sistem budidaya sebelumnya serta pengaruh penyuluh dan ketua kelompok (because motives), yang kemudian berkembang menjadi motif ekonomi, sosial, kesehatan, dan lingkungan seiring pengalaman budidaya (in-order-to motives). Partisipasi petani berkembang pada empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, dan pemanfaatan hasil, dengan tahap pelaksanaan sebagai bentuk keterlibatan yang paling konsisten dijalankan setiap musim tanam. Keberlanjutan budidaya padi organik ditopang oleh kepastian pasar melalui kemitraan dan kepemilikan sertifikasi organik, meskipun kelompok masih menghadapi keterbatasan posisi tawar dalam negosiasi harga dan ketergantungan pembiayaan sertifikasi pada dinas pertanian.

Organic rice farming practices require technical adjustments and long-term commitment from farmers, so their sustainability depends on the farmers’ active participation. This study aims to 1) identify the motivations behind farmers’ participation in adopting and maintaining their involvement in organic rice farming practices in the Makmur Farmers’ Group, Gamparan Hamlet, Prambanan Subdistrict, Sleman Regency, and 2) describe farmers’ participation in the implementation of organic rice farming within that group. The study was conducted at the Makmur Gamparan Farmers’ Group, which has been practicing organic rice cultivation since 2018 and has obtained organic certification. This study employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Informants were selected through purposive sampling and included group members, the chairperson, group administrators, and the field agricultural extension officer assisting the group. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, and their validity was verified through source triangulation and methodological triangulation. Data analysis was conducted interactively through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that farmers’ motives for participation are dynamic. In the early stages, farmers’ involvement was driven by problems with the previous farming system as well as the influence of extension workers and group leaders (because motives), which later evolved into economic, social, health, and environmental motives as they gained farming experience (in-order-to motives). Farmer participation unfolds across four stages: planning, implementation, evaluation, and utilization of results, with the implementation stage being the form of engagement most consistently carried out during each growing season. The sustainability of organic rice cultivation is supported by market certainty through partnerships and the possession of organic certification, although the groups still face limited bargaining power in price negotiations and a reliance on the agricultural agency for certification funding.

Kata Kunci : partisipasi petani, motif partisipasi, padi organik, kelompok tani